Ontologia
Bouleau de l'Himalaya

Bouleau de l'Himalaya

Betula utilisD.Don

LCLR Monde (IUCN)
  1. Plante
  2. Tracheophyta
  3. Magnoliopsida
  4. Fagales
  5. Betulaceae
1 photo · Licences CC (Wikimedia Commons / iNaturalist)Click pour agrandir
Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome

Graphe en cours d’indexation

Calcul du tissu écologique de Betula utilis.

Le graphe apparaîtra automatiquement dès que le calcul est terminé (rafraîchissement toutes les 5s).

Liste rouge IUCN

LC · Préoccupation mineure↘Décroissante
Évaluation complète
Évaluation
2014 · v3.1
Altitude
2500 – 4500 m
Profondeur
– m
État de la populationExpert
This species is common in the Himalayas, Afghanistan and Kashmir to western China. Population density varies depending on habitat within its range. Although there are no known hard data on the population across the full range of this species, it is reported that in the Mankial Valley Hindukush Range, Pakistan, 85% of the population has decreased and now it remains in very few localities in this Valley.

Menaces identifiées(1 menace classée CMP-IUCN)

  • 5_2_1
    Intentional use (species is the target)
    Ongoing
Description complète des menacesExpert
The main threat to this species is over exploitation as it is a high value medicinal plant. In the Mankial Valley Hindukush Range, Pakistan, 85% of the population has decreased and now it remains in very few localities in the Valley.

Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)

  • 1_4Forest - Temperate
Mesures de conservation recommandéesExpert
Harvesting must be sustainable to ensure the survival of this species.
Stress écologiques (2)Expert
  • 2_1Species mortality
  • 2_2Species disturbance
Usage & commerce (5)Expert
  • 11Other household goods
    nationalsubsistance
  • 2Food - animal
    nationalsubsistance
  • 3Medicine - human & veterinary
    nationalsubsistance
  • 7Fuels
    nationalsubsistance
  • 9Construction or structural materials
    internationalnationalsubsistance
Priorités de recherche (1)Expert
  • 3_2Harvest level trends
Niche IUCN globaleExpert

Royaumes biogéographiques

Palearctic

Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)

Terrestrial

Formes de croissance

Tree - large
Références bibliographiques (16)Expert
  1. Ullah, A. & Rashid, A. 2014. Conservation status of threatened medicinal plants of Mankial Valley Hindukush Range, Pakistan. <i>Internationl Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation</i> 6(1): 59-70.
  2. IUCN. 2014. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 13 November 2014).
  3. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. 2013. Germplasm Resources Information Network, GRIN (Online database). Beltsville, Maryland Available at: <a href="http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?144">http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?144</a>. (Accessed: December 13).
  4. Govaerts, R. 2013. World Checklist of Betulaceae. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Available at: <a href="http://www.kew.org/wcsp/">http://www.kew.org/wcsp/</a>.
  5. Ashburner, K. and McAllister, H.A. 2013. <i>The Genus </i>Betula<i>: A Taxonomic Revision of Birches</i>. Kew Publishing, Richmond, Surrey.
  6. Missouri Botanical Garden. 2013. Tropicos. Missouri Available at: <a href="www.tropicos.org">www.tropicos.org</a>.
  7. Bartlett, P. 2013. Searching for birches. <i>The Plantsman</i>: 112-117.
  8. The Plant List. 2012. The Plant List. Available at: <a href="http://www.theplantlist.org">http://www.theplantlist.org</a>.
  9. Alam, M. 2011. <i>Trees and Shrubs of Afghanistan: A Dendrological Guide</i>.
  10. efloras. 2010. Flora of Pakistan. Available at: <a href="http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=5">http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=5</a>.
  11. eFloras. 2008. Flora of China. Available at: <a href="www.efloras.org">www.efloras.org</a>.
  12. Manandhar, N.P. and Manandhar, S. 2002. <i>Plants and people of Nepal</i>. Timer Press, Inc.
  13. efloras. 2000. Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA Available at: <a href="http://www.efloras.org/">http://www.efloras.org/</a>.
  14. Gaur, R.D. 1999. <i>Flora of the District Garhwal North West Himalaya</i>. TransMedia, New Delhi.
  15. Kaiyun, G. 1998. <i>Highland Flowers of Yunnan</i>. Yunnan Science & Technology Press.
  16. Liu, C. & Elvin, M. 1998. Man's impact on the himalayas. <i>Sediments of time: environment and society in Chinese history</i>, pp. 65,66. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (2)Expert
assessor
Shaw, K., Roy , S. & Wilson, B.
evaluator
Oldfield, S. & Rivers, M.C.

Shaw, K., Roy , S. & Wilson, B. 2014. Betula utilis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T194535A2346136. Accessed on 05 May 2026.

Répartition mondiale (heatmap GBIF)Construction en cours

0 obs · 0 cellules
Construction par partitions temporelles GBIF0%

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.2° × 0.2° (~22km). Filtre qualité : précision coordonnée < 10 km. Coloration quantile (q50/70/90/99). Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Distribution mondiale

Calcul de la distribution GBIF· ~10–60 s

Phénologie

Calcul du calendrier d'apparition· ~5–30 s

Consulter sur les bases externes

Observations & statuts

GBIFiNaturalistEOLIUCN

Cartographie

GBIF Maps

Bibliographie

BHLOpenAlex
Note nomenclaturale & synonymesExpert

Note nomenclaturale

TAXREF v18 — INPN/MNHN

Synonymes (3)— redirigent vers cette page

  • Betula albosinensis var. septantrionalisC. K. Schneid.
  • Betula utilis var. typicaRegel
  • Betula utilis var. utilis

Sources : Catalogue of Life Cross-References (synonymes) · TAXREF v18 INPN/MNHN (commentaires FR).