Ontologia
Bouleau fontinal

Bouleau fontinal

Betula occidentalisHook.

LCLR Monde (IUCN)
  1. Plante
  2. Tracheophyta
  3. Magnoliopsida
  4. Fagales
  5. Betulaceae
1 photo · Licences CC (Wikimedia Commons / iNaturalist)Click pour agrandir
Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome

Graphe en cours d’indexation

Calcul du tissu écologique de Betula occidentalis.

Le graphe apparaîtra automatiquement dès que le calcul est terminé (rafraîchissement toutes les 5s).

Liste rouge IUCN

LC · Préoccupation mineure→Stable
Évaluation complète
Évaluation
2014 · v3.1
Altitude
100 – 3000 m
Profondeur
– m
État de la populationExpert

It is a very common species with a broad geographic distribution in western North America. However, there are no hard data on population numbers due to it being common and not an important commercial species. 

Description complète des menacesExpert
There are no known threats. NatureServe (2013) ranks this species as secure (G5), however subpopulations in Ontario are Vulnerable and those in Nebraska are Critically Imperiled.

Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)

  • 1_4Forest - Temperate
Mesures de conservation recommandéesExpert
There are no conservation actions reported or currently required for this species.
Usage & commerce (3)Expert
  • 11Other household goods
    subsistance
  • 7Fuels
    subsistance
  • 9Construction or structural materials
    subsistance
Niche IUCN globaleExpert

Royaumes biogéographiques

Nearctic

Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)

Terrestrial

Formes de croissance

Shrub - largeTree - small
Références bibliographiques (21)Expert
  1. IUCN. 2014. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 13 November 2014).
  2. Missouri Botanical Garden. 2013. Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri. Available at: <a href="www.tropicos.org">www.tropicos.org</a>.
  3. Ashburner, K. and McAllister, H.A. 2013. <i>The Genus </i>Betula<i>: A Taxonomic Revision of Birches</i>. Kew Publishing, Richmond, Surrey.
  4. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. 2013. Germplasm Resources Information Network, GRIN (Online database). Beltsville, Maryland Available at: <a href="http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?144">http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?144</a>. (Accessed: December 13).
  5. USDA, NRCS. 2013. Fact Sheets & Plant Guides. Available at: <a href="http://plants.usda.gov/java/factSheet">http://plants.usda.gov/java/factSheet</a>.
  6. USDA, NRCS. 2013. The PLANTS Database. Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA Available at: <a href="http://plants.usda.gov/java/">http://plants.usda.gov/java/</a>.
  7. Govaerts, R. 2013. World Checklist of Betulaceae. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Available at: <a href="http://www.kew.org/wcsp/">http://www.kew.org/wcsp/</a>.
  8. VASCAN. 2013. The Database of Vascular Plants of Canada. Available at: <a href="http://data.canadensys.net/vascan/search">http://data.canadensys.net/vascan/search</a>.
  9. NatureServe. 2013. NatureServe Explorer. An online encyclopedia of life (web application). Version 7.1. Arlington, Virginia Available at: <a href="www.natureserve.org/explorer">www.natureserve.org/explorer</a>.
  10. United States Army Corps of Engineers. 2013. National Wetland Plant List. Available at: <a href="http://rsgisias.crrel.usace.army.mil/NWPL/#">http://rsgisias.crrel.usace.army.mil/NWPL/#</a>. (Accessed: 15 July 2013).
  11. USDA, NRCS. 2013. The PLANTS Database. Wetland Indicator Status. Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA Available at: <a href="http://www.plants.usda.gov/wetinfo.html#new_categories">http://www.plants.usda.gov/wetinfo.html#new_categories</a>. (Accessed: 17 July 2013).
  12. Sawyer Jr., J.O. 2012. Betulaceae, In: Jepson Flora Project . Available at: <a href="http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=65">http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=65</a>. (Accessed: 1, July).
  13. Weber, W.A. and Wittmann, R.C. 2012. <i>Colorado Flora: Eastern Slope</i>. University Press of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.
  14. The Plant List. 2010. The Plant List. Available at: <a href=" http://www.theplantlist.org/"> http://www.theplantlist.org/</a>. (Accessed: 2013).
  15. eFloras. 2008. Flora of North America. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA Available at: <a href="http://www.efloras.org/">http://www.efloras.org/</a>.
  16. Hough, R. B., Leistikow, K. U. and Thus, H. 2007. <i>The Woodbook: The Complete Plates</i>. Taschen Benedikt Verlag Gmbh.
  17. Walford, G., Jones, G., Fertig, W., Mellman-Brown, S., and Houston, K.E. 2001. Riparian and Wetland Plant Community Types of the Shoshone National Forest. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rock Mountain Research Station.
  18. Manning, M.E. and Padgett, W.G. 1995. Riparian community type classification for Humbolt and Toiyabe National Forests. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Inermountain Region, Nevada and Eastern California.
  19. Coladonato, M. 1992. Fire Effects Information System. Available at: <a href="http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/">http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/</a>.
  20. Patterson, P.A., Neiman, K.E. and Tonn, J.R. 1985. Field Guide to Forest Plants of Northern Idaho. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
  21. Lanner, R.M. 1983. <i>Trees of the Great Basin: A Natural History</i>. University of Nevada Press, Reno, Nevada.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (2)Expert
assessor
Stritch, L.
evaluator
Oldfield, S.

Stritch, L. 2014. Betula occidentalis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T194643A2355167. Accessed on 05 May 2026.

Répartition mondiale (heatmap GBIF)Construction en cours

0 obs · 0 cellules
Construction par partitions temporelles GBIF0%

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.2° × 0.2° (~22km). Filtre qualité : précision coordonnée < 10 km. Coloration quantile (q50/70/90/99). Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Distribution mondiale

Calcul de la distribution GBIF· ~10–60 s

Phénologie

Calcul du calendrier d'apparition· ~5–30 s

Consulter sur les bases externes

Observations & statuts

GBIFiNaturalistEOLIUCN

Cartographie

GBIF Maps

Bibliographie

BHLOpenAlex
Note nomenclaturale & synonymesExpert

Note nomenclaturale

TAXREF v18 — INPN/MNHN

Synonymes (18)— redirigent vers cette page

  • Betula alba f. occidentalis(Hook.) Fernald
  • Betula alba subsp. occidentalis(Hook.) Regel
  • Betula beenianaA.Nelson
  • Betula elrodianaE.J.Butler
  • Betula elrodianaB.T. Butler
  • Betula fontinalisSarg.
  • Betula fontinalis f. inopinaJeps.
  • Betula fontinalis var. inopina(Jeps.) Jeps.
  • Betula microphylla var. fontinalis(Sarg.) M.E.Jones
  • Betula microphylla var. occidentalis(Hook.) M.E.Jones
  • Betula obovataB.T. Butler
  • Betula occidentalis f. inopinaJeps.
  • Betula occidentalis subsp. inopina(Jeps.) A.E.Murray
  • Betula occidentalis var. inopina(Jeps.) C.L.Hitchc.
  • Betula occidentalis var. occidentalis
  • Betula papyracea var. occidentalis(Hook.) Dippel
  • Betula papyrifera subsp. occidentalis(Hook.) Hultén
  • Betula papyrifera var. occidentalis(Hook.) Sarg.

Sources : Catalogue of Life Cross-References (synonymes) · TAXREF v18 INPN/MNHN (commentaires FR).