Ontologia

City · BGR

Veliko Tarnovo

Bulgaria

CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(77 %)

Species observed

908

Observations

13 412

Area

932,8km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 33 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Veliko Tarnovo : 23 espèces reliées par 83 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 15.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 10 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
33
Interactions affichées
83
Connectance
0.157
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

908 distinct species · 13 412 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

13 412 obs · 23 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 6 250
1 544–6 249
304–1 543
90–303
< 90

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

11,4°C

Annual rain

728mm

Warmest m°

26,6°C

Coldest m°

-3,9°C

Elevation: 313 m on average (min 45 m, max 837 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
11,4°C
Annual rain
728mm
Warmest month
26,6°C
Coldest month
-3,9°C
Mean alt.
313m
Min
45m
Max
837m
Std. dev.
181m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(77 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,6

Org. C

28,0g/kg

Clay

35,1%

Sand

14,7%

Silt

50,2%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: smGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,5
Org. C
49,5g/kg
Clay
35,1%
Sand
14,9%
Silt
50,1%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,6
Org. C
19,6g/kg
Clay
35,8%
Sand
14,5%
Silt
49,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,6
Org. C
14,8g/kg
Clay
34,5%
Sand
14,6%
Silt
50,9%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest42.8%
Crops34.9%
Built-up0.7%
Bare soil0.1%
Other (grassland, water…)21.4%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology5 basins · 3 lakes · 12 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

177,7km

Lake surface here

0,23km²

Basins crossed

5

Max stream order

4

Max drainage

6 611km²

Discharge in basins

8,4m³/s

Mean precip.

633mm/an

Mean T°

10,0°C

Moisture idx

-0,33

Max snow

10%

Mean runoff

152mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

401m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (3, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

1hab/km²

Night light

1,2nW

Built-up

73,2%

Pesticides

5,2kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas23

IUCN VI · 11IUCN Not Reported · 7IUCN III · 4IUCN IV · 1

Reka Yantra

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2016

139 km²

Tarnovski visochini

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

44 km²

Reka Rositsa

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

14 km²

Emen

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2020

5 km²

Reka Belitsa

IUCN Not Reported

Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) · 2008

4 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN