Ontologia

Commune · ZAF

Umzimkhulu

South Africa

CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(70 %)

Species observed

2 015

Observations

26 692

Area

2 435,5km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 39 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Umzimkhulu : 36 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 37 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 5.0%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 3 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
39
Interactions affichées
37
Connectance
0.050
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

2 015 distinct species · 26 692 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

26 692 obs · 65 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 4 129
1 449–4 128
204–1 448
88–203
< 88

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

15,2°C

Annual rain

908mm

Warmest m°

24,1°C

Coldest m°

2,8°C

Elevation: 1 171 m on average (min 451 m, max 2 196 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
15,2°C
Annual rain
908mm
Warmest month
24,1°C
Coldest month
2,8°C
Mean alt.
1 171m
Min
451m
Max
2 196m
Std. dev.
317m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(70 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,9

Org. C

26,3g/kg

Clay

35,3%

Sand

31,4%

Silt

33,3%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: ssGLiMaggregated to Sisonke

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
36,0g/kg
Clay
33,7%
Sand
32,3%
Silt
34,0%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
25,0g/kg
Clay
34,2%
Sand
32,0%
Silt
33,8%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
18,1g/kg
Clay
38,2%
Sand
29,8%
Silt
32,0%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest16.2%
Crops26.6%
Built-up0.9%
Bare soil1.8%
Other (grassland, water…)54.4%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology8 basins · 1 lakes · 10 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

364,6km

Lake surface here

0,11km²

Basins crossed

8

Max stream order

5

Max drainage

6 111km²

Discharge in basins

36,0m³/s

Mean precip.

874mm/an

Mean T°

15,5°C

Moisture idx

-0,34

Mean runoff

289mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

1 202m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (1, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

1hab/km²

Night light

0,2nW

Built-up

94,2%

Pesticides

15,5kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas5

IUCN Not Reported · 4IUCN IV · 1

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN