Ontologia

Pays · TUR

Turkey

CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(39 %)

Species observed

28 665

Observations

4 334 643

Area

780 704,4km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 32 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Turkey : 26 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 63 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 12.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 6 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
32
Interactions affichées
63
Connectance
0.127
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

28 665 distinct species · 4 334 643 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

4 334 643 obs · 465 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 111 836
18 735–111 835
5 580–18 734
2 248–5 579
< 2 248

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.2° × 0.2° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

11,1°C

Annual rain

740mm

Warmest m°

28,0°C

Coldest m°

-5,1°C

Elevation: 1 137 m on average (min -236 m, max 4 773 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
11,1°C
Annual rain
740mm
Warmest month
28,0°C
Coldest month
-5,1°C
Mean alt.
1 137m
Min
-236m
Max
4 773m
Std. dev.
651m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(39 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,0

Org. C

30,4g/kg

Clay

31,2%

Sand

30,9%

Silt

38,0%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,0
Org. C
47,0g/kg
Clay
29,9%
Sand
31,5%
Silt
38,6%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,0
Org. C
25,3g/kg
Clay
30,7%
Sand
31,1%
Silt
38,2%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,1
Org. C
19,0g/kg
Clay
32,9%
Sand
30,0%
Silt
37,1%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest19.4%
Crops25.3%
Built-up0.3%
Bare soil5.0%
Other (grassland, water…)50.0%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology

Computing basins, lakes, rivers…

Human pressure

Pop. density

1hab/km²

Night light

1,4nW

Built-up

29,3%

Pesticides

18,4kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas55

Country WDPA breakdown
Not Reported1 698 km²(13)
Not Applicable334 km²(3)
Ib176 km²(1)
IUCN Not Reported · 34IUCN VI · 8IUCN II · 4IUCN Not Applicable · 3IUCN IV · 2IUCN Ia · 2IUCN V · 1IUCN Ib · 1🌊 Marine · 17📍 Point sites · 1

Strandzha

IUCN Not Reported

Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) · 2008

1 536 km²

Sakar

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

1 322 km²

Sakar

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2007

1 257 km²

Strandzha

IUCN V

Nature Park · 1995

1 164 km²

Strandzha

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2007

1 164 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN