Bromo Tengger Semeru
IUCN IINational Park
505 km²
Commune · IDN
Tosari
Indonesia
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(84 %)
Species observed
545
Observations
1 368
Area
81,5km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 34 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Tosari : 29 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 38 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 5.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
37
Interactions affichées
38
Connectance
0.057
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
545 distinct species · 1 368 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
16,2°C
Annual rain
3 197mm
Warmest m°
21,2°C
Coldest m°
10,4°C
Elevation: 1 804 m on average (min 814 m, max 2 421 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
16,2°C
Annual rain
3 197mm
Warmest month
21,2°C
Coldest month
10,4°C
Mean alt.
1 804m
Min
814m
Max
2 421m
Std. dev.
399m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(84 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,3
Org. C
57,5g/kg
Clay
34,0%
Sand
35,7%
Silt
30,3%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: viGLiMaggregated to Pasuruan
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,3
Org. C
69,7g/kg
Clay
33,2%
Sand
36,2%
Silt
30,6%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,3
Org. C
56,1g/kg
Clay
33,5%
Sand
36,0%
Silt
30,5%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,3
Org. C
46,7g/kg
Clay
35,2%
Sand
35,1%
Silt
29,8%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest39.2%
Crops25.1%
Built-up0.7%
Bare soil1.7%
Other (grassland, water…)33.3%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology3 basins · 0 lakes · 0 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Basins crossed
3
Max drainage
596km²
Discharge in basins
3,0m³/s
Mean precip.
2 019mm/an
Mean T°
23,2°C
Moisture idx
0,11
Mean runoff
1 320mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
599m
Watersheds crossing here
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
0,5nW
Built-up
69,3%
Pesticides
0,6kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas1
IUCN II · 1
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN