Ontologia

City with powiat rights · POL

Toruń (City)

Poland

DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)

Species observed

1 933

Observations

31 408

Area

115,7km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 29 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Toruń (City) : 19 espèces reliées par 87 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 20.0%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 11 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
30
Interactions affichées
87
Connectance
0.200
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

1 933 distinct species · 31 408 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

31 408 obs · 4 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 18 052
18 052–18 051
7 933–18 051
7 933–7 932
< 7 933

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

8,6°C

Annual rain

526mm

Warmest m°

23,1°C

Coldest m°

-3,8°C

Elevation: 57 m on average (min 35 m, max 85 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
8,6°C
Annual rain
526mm
Warmest month
23,1°C
Coldest month
-3,8°C
Mean alt.
57m
Min
35m
Max
85m
Std. dev.
13m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)Cold

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,3

Org. C

38,9g/kg

Clay

10,8%

Sand

67,6%

Silt

21,6%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: suGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,2
Org. C
61,9g/kg
Clay
10,4%
Sand
68,1%
Silt
21,5%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,3
Org. C
30,6g/kg
Clay
9,1%
Sand
69,2%
Silt
21,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
24,1g/kg
Clay
12,8%
Sand
65,5%
Silt
21,7%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest25.6%
Crops10.7%
Built-up6.1%
Bare soil0.6%
Other (grassland, water…)57.0%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology3 basins · 1 lakes · 8 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

35,0km

Lake surface here

0,53km²

Basins crossed

3

Max stream order

7

Max drainage

179 428km²

Discharge in basins

115,7m³/s

Mean precip.

532mm/an

Mean T°

7,9°C

Moisture idx

-0,27

Max snow

25%

Mean runoff

133mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

68m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (1, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

9hab/km²

Night light

13,8nW

Built-up

606,8%

Pesticides

15,0kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas12

IUCN Not Reported · 7IUCN Not Assigned · 3IUCN IV · 2🌊 Marine · 1

Doliny Drwęcy

IUCN Not Assigned

Protected Landscape Area · 1992

551 km²

Dolina Drwęcy

IUCN Not Reported

Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) · 2008

126 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN

Sub-administrations1