Serra d'Espadà (ZEPA)
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2000
653 km²
Subdivision · ESP
Toga
Spain
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(63 %)
Species observed
867
Observations
5 104
Area
13,6km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 27 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Toga : 22 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 41 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 11.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 5 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
27
Interactions affichées
41
Connectance
0.117
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
867 distinct species · 5 104 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
15,0°C
Annual rain
536mm
Warmest m°
28,2°C
Coldest m°
3,1°C
Elevation: 508 m on average (min 327 m, max 696 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
15,0°C
Annual rain
536mm
Warmest month
28,2°C
Coldest month
3,1°C
Mean alt.
508m
Min
327m
Max
696m
Std. dev.
118m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(63 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
7,2
Org. C
40,5g/kg
Clay
24,4%
Sand
39,3%
Silt
36,3%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Castellón
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,2
Org. C
64,5g/kg
Clay
24,3%
Sand
38,9%
Silt
36,9%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,3
Org. C
34,4g/kg
Clay
24,0%
Sand
39,0%
Silt
37,0%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,3
Org. C
22,6g/kg
Clay
24,8%
Sand
40,1%
Silt
35,0%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest43.8%
Crops0.1%
Built-up0.2%
Bare soil4.7%
Other (grassland, water…)51.3%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology3 basins · 0 lakes · 3 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
4,3km
Basins crossed
3
Max stream order
4
Max drainage
2 536km²
Discharge in basins
0,0m³/s
Mean precip.
536mm/an
Mean T°
11,3°C
Moisture idx
-0,41
Max snow
6%
Mean runoff
65mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
1 021m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (3, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,5nW
Built-up
18,4%
Pesticides
23,8kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas2
IUCN Not Reported · 2
Curs alt del riu Millars
IUCN Not ReportedSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)
101 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN