Ontologia

Regency · IDN

Toba Samosir

Indonesia

AfTropical, rainforest(95 %)

Species observed

489

Observations

1 268

Area

2 145,7km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 28 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Toba Samosir : 25 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 23 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 6.1%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 3 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
28
Interactions affichées
23
Connectance
0.061
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

489 distinct species · 1 268 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

1 268 obs · 36 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 504
68–503
32–67
12–31
< 12

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

21,2°C

Annual rain

3 426mm

Warmest m°

25,4°C

Coldest m°

17,0°C

Elevation: 1 034 m on average (min 92 m, max 2 031 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
21,2°C
Annual rain
3 426mm
Warmest month
25,4°C
Coldest month
17,0°C
Mean alt.
1 034m
Min
92m
Max
2 031m
Std. dev.
356m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AfTropical, rainforest(95 %)Tropical

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,0

Org. C

50,6g/kg

Clay

36,3%

Sand

34,6%

Silt

29,1%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: smGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,0
Org. C
68,4g/kg
Clay
36,1%
Sand
34,7%
Silt
29,2%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,0
Org. C
54,2g/kg
Clay
35,8%
Sand
34,9%
Silt
29,3%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,1
Org. C
29,4g/kg
Clay
37,1%
Sand
34,2%
Silt
28,7%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest76.4%
Crops8.7%
Built-up0.3%
Bare soil0.1%
Other (grassland, water…)14.6%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology8 basins · 2 lakes · 5 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

118,6km

Lake surface here

3,90km²

Basins crossed

8

Max stream order

5

Max drainage

4 302km²

Discharge in basins

164,6m³/s

Mean precip.

2 284mm/an

Mean T°

23,1°C

Moisture idx

0,31

Mean runoff

1 161mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

666m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (2, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

1hab/km²

Night light

0,1nW

Built-up

30,3%

Pesticides

0,6kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas1

IUCN IV · 1

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN

Sub-administrations38