Los Volcanes
IUCN Not ApplicableUNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve · 2010
398 km²
Municipality · MEX
Tlahuapan
México
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(100 %)
Species observed
979
Observations
11 252
Area
313,9km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 49 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Tlahuapan : 37 espèces reliées par 109 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 8.2%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 15 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
52
Interactions affichées
109
Connectance
0.082
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
979 distinct species · 11 252 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
13,1°C
Annual rain
873mm
Warmest m°
21,1°C
Coldest m°
3,2°C
Elevation: 2 783 m on average (min 2 380 m, max 3 476 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
13,1°C
Annual rain
873mm
Warmest month
21,1°C
Coldest month
3,2°C
Mean alt.
2 783m
Min
2 380m
Max
3 476m
Std. dev.
242m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(100 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
37,9g/kg
Clay
20,8%
Sand
49,6%
Silt
29,6%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: pyGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
56,9g/kg
Clay
20,6%
Sand
49,0%
Silt
30,4%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
38,7g/kg
Clay
20,7%
Sand
49,8%
Silt
29,5%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
18,1g/kg
Clay
21,2%
Sand
50,0%
Silt
28,8%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest49.5%
Crops18.6%
Built-up1.0%
Bare soil1.0%
Other (grassland, water…)29.8%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology2 basins · 0 lakes · 3 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
41,4km
Basins crossed
2
Max stream order
3
Max drainage
1 480km²
Discharge in basins
1,7m³/s
Mean precip.
839mm/an
Mean T°
13,2°C
Moisture idx
-0,40
Mean runoff
177mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
2 671m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (3, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
1,6nW
Built-up
96,7%
Pesticides
19,8kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas4
IUCN VI · 2IUCN Not Applicable · 1IUCN II · 1
Iztaccíhuatl-Popocatépetl
IUCN IINational Park · 2011
398 km²
Bosque Mágico de Piedra Canteada, Santuario de La Luciérnaga, Área Natural Protegida
IUCN VIVoluntary Conservation Area · 2011
6 km²
Ejido Santiago Coltzingo
IUCN VIVoluntary Conservation Area · 2019
1 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN