Ontologia

Commune · ETH

Surma

Ethiopia

AwTropical, savannah(95 %)

Species observed

103

Observations

162

Area

4 724,8km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 28 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Surma : 22 espèces reliées par 26 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 6.9%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 6 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
28
Interactions affichées
26
Connectance
0.069
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

103 distinct species · 162 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

162 obs · 31 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 74
8–73
2–7
1–1
< 1

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

25,0°C

Annual rain

763mm

Warmest m°

31,9°C

Coldest m°

19,4°C

Elevation: 1 035 m on average (min 494 m, max 1 934 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
25,0°C
Annual rain
763mm
Warmest month
31,9°C
Coldest month
19,4°C
Mean alt.
1 035m
Min
494m
Max
1 934m
Std. dev.
271m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AwTropical, savannah(95 %)Tropical

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,0

Org. C

29,4g/kg

Clay

39,3%

Sand

34,2%

Silt

26,5%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: vbGLiMaggregated to Bench Maji

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
40,4g/kg
Clay
38,4%
Sand
34,4%
Silt
27,1%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
27,8g/kg
Clay
38,1%
Sand
35,2%
Silt
26,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
20,0g/kg
Clay
41,4%
Sand
32,9%
Silt
25,7%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest29.4%
Crops2.0%
Built-up0.0%
Bare soil0.0%
Other (grassland, water…)68.5%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Built-up

0,2%

Pesticides

2,1kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas3

IUCN VI · 2IUCN II · 1

Akobo

IUCN VI

Controlled Hunting Area · 1973

5 871 km²

Omo West

IUCN VI

Controlled Hunting Area · 1973

4 315 km²

Omo

IUCN II

National Park · 1959

3 886 km²

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN