Ontologia

Town|Municipal · SRB

Surdulica

Serbia

DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(91 %)

Species observed

1 750

Observations

12 778

Area

560,5km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 15 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Surdulica : 13 espèces reliées par 32 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 26.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 3 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
16
Interactions affichées
32
Connectance
0.267
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

1 750 distinct species · 12 778 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

12 778 obs · 12 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 6 108
2 886–6 107
785–2 885
176–784
< 176

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

7,3°C

Annual rain

825mm

Warmest m°

22,0°C

Coldest m°

-7,5°C

Elevation: 1 148 m on average (min 395 m, max 1 642 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
7,3°C
Annual rain
825mm
Warmest month
22,0°C
Coldest month
-7,5°C
Mean alt.
1 148m
Min
395m
Max
1 642m
Std. dev.
287m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(91 %)Cold

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,2

Org. C

40,4g/kg

Clay

24,5%

Sand

37,8%

Silt

37,7%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: mtGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,2
Org. C
66,1g/kg
Clay
24,0%
Sand
38,1%
Silt
37,8%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,2
Org. C
32,8g/kg
Clay
24,0%
Sand
38,4%
Silt
37,6%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,2
Org. C
22,2g/kg
Clay
25,6%
Sand
36,9%
Silt
37,5%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest62.4%
Crops7.5%
Built-up0.2%
Bare soil0.2%
Other (grassland, water…)29.7%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology7 basins · 1 lakes · 11 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

91,7km

Lake surface here

10,78km²

Basins crossed

7

Max stream order

2

Max drainage

3 838km²

Discharge in basins

4,6m³/s

Mean precip.

595mm/an

Mean T°

8,0°C

Moisture idx

-0,30

Max snow

17%

Mean runoff

167mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

969m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (1, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,5nW

Built-up

20,6%

Pesticides

15,4kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas7

IUCN Not Reported · 4IUCN V · 2IUCN VI · 1

Karvav kamak

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

176 km²

Ruy

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2007

174 km²

Vlasina

IUCN V

Landscape of Outstanding Qualities · 2018

127 km²

Vardenik

IUCN V

Landscape of Outstanding Qualities · 2023

110 km²

VLASINA

IUCN Not Reported

Emerald Network

86 km²

Ruy

IUCN Not Reported

Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) · 2008

62 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN