Ontologia

City · BGR

Stolichna

Bulgaria

DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(67 %)

Species observed

5 444

Observations

237 499

Area

1 352,6km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 30 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Stolichna : 24 espèces reliées par 54 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 12.4%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 6 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
30
Interactions affichées
54
Connectance
0.124
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

5 444 distinct species · 237 499 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

237 499 obs · 34 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 75 453
13 466–75 452
4 583–13 465
2 181–4 582
< 2 181

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

9,3°C

Annual rain

749mm

Warmest m°

24,2°C

Coldest m°

-6,4°C

Elevation: 816 m on average (min 507 m, max 2 142 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
9,3°C
Annual rain
749mm
Warmest month
24,2°C
Coldest month
-6,4°C
Mean alt.
816m
Min
507m
Max
2 142m
Std. dev.
330m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(67 %)Cold

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,3

Org. C

35,2g/kg

Clay

28,0%

Sand

37,1%

Silt

34,9%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: ssGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,3
Org. C
55,8g/kg
Clay
27,2%
Sand
38,2%
Silt
34,6%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,3
Org. C
26,6g/kg
Clay
27,2%
Sand
38,6%
Silt
34,2%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,3
Org. C
23,4g/kg
Clay
29,7%
Sand
34,6%
Silt
35,8%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest34.4%
Crops26.4%
Built-up2.9%
Bare soil0.4%
Other (grassland, water…)35.9%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology9 basins · 13 lakes · 36 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

323,4km

Lake surface here

27,56km²

Basins crossed

9

Max stream order

4

Max drainage

5 117km²

Discharge in basins

35,0m³/s

Mean precip.

617mm/an

Mean T°

8,6°C

Moisture idx

-0,29

Max snow

37%

Mean runoff

221mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

832m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (13, top by area)

4 more lakes

Rivers / streams (36, ord ≥ 4)

24 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

7hab/km²

Night light

6,9nW

Built-up

293,1%

Pesticides

5,8kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas26

IUCN VI · 10IUCN Not Reported · 7IUCN Not Assigned · 3IUCN III · 3IUCN Ia · 2IUCN V · 1📍 Point sites · 1

Vitosha

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

271 km²

Vitosha

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2007

271 km²

Vitosha

IUCN V

Nature Park · 1934

271 km²

Vitinia

IUCN Not Assigned

State Game Husbandries · 2002

217 km²

Iskar

IUCN Not Assigned

State Game Husbandries · 2002

61 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN