Ontologia

Commune · ITA

Spello

Italy

CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(64 %)

Species observed

292

Observations

593

Area

61,7km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 40 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Spello : 27 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 106 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 12.9%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 14 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
41
Interactions affichées
106
Connectance
0.129
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

292 distinct species · 593 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

593 obs · 1 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 593
593–592
593–592
593–592
< 593

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

13,3°C

Annual rain

983mm

Warmest m°

28,7°C

Coldest m°

0,3°C

Elevation: 388 m on average (min 188 m, max 1 109 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
13,3°C
Annual rain
983mm
Warmest month
28,7°C
Coldest month
0,3°C
Mean alt.
388m
Min
188m
Max
1 109m
Std. dev.
247m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(64 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,5

Org. C

29,5g/kg

Clay

34,5%

Sand

20,7%

Silt

44,8%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Perugia

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
50,1g/kg
Clay
34,2%
Sand
20,9%
Silt
44,9%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,6
Org. C
21,1g/kg
Clay
34,2%
Sand
20,4%
Silt
45,3%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,6
Org. C
17,2g/kg
Clay
35,0%
Sand
20,7%
Silt
44,2%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest22.4%
Crops32.0%
Built-up1.7%
Bare soil2.0%
Other (grassland, water…)41.9%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology1 basins · 0 lakes · 2 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

2,8km

Basins crossed

1

Max stream order

2

Max drainage

1 940km²

Discharge in basins

0,9m³/s

Mean precip.

898mm/an

Mean T°

12,4°C

Moisture idx

0,00

Max snow

4%

Mean runoff

449mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

519m

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

1hab/km²

Night light

3,0nW

Built-up

166,3%

Pesticides

56,4kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas3

IUCN Not Reported · 2IUCN V · 1

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN