Ontologia

City · BGR

Smolyan

Bulgaria

DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(92 %)

Species observed

1 336

Observations

9 111

Area

919,4km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 36 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Smolyan : 25 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 85 interactions GloBI sur 7 types (connectance 12.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 12 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
37
Interactions affichées
85
Connectance
0.128
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

1 336 distinct species · 9 111 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

9 111 obs · 23 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 1 918
1 097–1 917
422–1 096
183–421
< 183

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

7,2°C

Annual rain

1 100mm

Warmest m°

21,1°C

Coldest m°

-6,7°C

Elevation: 1 295 m on average (min 716 m, max 2 043 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
7,2°C
Annual rain
1 100mm
Warmest month
21,1°C
Coldest month
-6,7°C
Mean alt.
1 295m
Min
716m
Max
2 043m
Std. dev.
280m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(92 %)Cold

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,9

Org. C

44,3g/kg

Clay

18,6%

Sand

52,5%

Silt

28,9%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: vaGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
77,3g/kg
Clay
19,1%
Sand
51,3%
Silt
29,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
33,7g/kg
Clay
17,4%
Sand
54,2%
Silt
28,3%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
21,7g/kg
Clay
19,4%
Sand
51,9%
Silt
28,6%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest71.0%
Crops2.5%
Built-up0.3%
Bare soil0.4%
Other (grassland, water…)25.8%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology7 basins · 0 lakes · 12 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

154,2km

Basins crossed

7

Max stream order

4

Max drainage

2 034km²

Discharge in basins

5,3m³/s

Mean precip.

678mm/an

Mean T°

7,5°C

Moisture idx

-0,18

Max snow

24%

Mean runoff

165mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

1 159m

Watersheds crossing here

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,3nW

Built-up

32,5%

Pesticides

4,8kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas41

IUCN VI · 15IUCN III · 10IUCN Not Reported · 8IUCN IV · 3IUCN Not Assigned · 2IUCN Ia · 2IUCN II · 1

Rodopi - Zapadni

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

2 727 km²

Rodopi - Sredni

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

1 551 km²

Dobrostan

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2007

836 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN