Ontologia

Province · CHL

Punilla

Chile

CsbTemperate, dry summer, warm summer(85 %)

Species observed

1 274

Observations

14 209

Area

5 249,4km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 36 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Punilla : 28 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 41 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 6.2%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
37
Interactions affichées
41
Connectance
0.062
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

1 274 distinct species · 14 209 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

14 209 obs · 152 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 1 257
249–1 256
61–248
21–60
< 21

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

10,4°C

Annual rain

2 196mm

Warmest m°

24,0°C

Coldest m°

0,8°C

Elevation: 798 m on average (min 36 m, max 2 968 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
10,4°C
Annual rain
2 196mm
Warmest month
24,0°C
Coldest month
0,8°C
Mean alt.
798m
Min
36m
Max
2 968m
Std. dev.
689m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsbTemperate, dry summer, warm summer(85 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,1

Org. C

84,3g/kg

Clay

22,9%

Sand

38,0%

Silt

39,1%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: paGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
115,9g/kg
Clay
22,6%
Sand
37,9%
Silt
39,5%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
79,9g/kg
Clay
22,5%
Sand
38,1%
Silt
39,4%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
57,1g/kg
Clay
23,6%
Sand
38,0%
Silt
38,3%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest29.8%
Crops21.7%
Built-up0.3%
Bare soil10.8%
Other (grassland, water…)37.4%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology14 basins · 7 lakes · 85 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

1 363,1km

Lake surface here

2,29km²

Basins crossed

14

Max stream order

5

Max drainage

4 883km²

Discharge in basins

294,8m³/s

Mean precip.

1 098mm/an

Mean T°

10,9°C

Moisture idx

-0,06

Max snow

35%

Mean runoff

884mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

766m

Watersheds crossing here

5 more basins

Lakes (7, top by area)

Rivers / streams (85, ord ≥ 4)

73 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,2nW

Built-up

27,2%

Pesticides

30,8kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas5

IUCN Not Reported · 3IUCN Not Applicable · 1IUCN VI · 1

Ñuble

IUCN Not Reported

National Reserve · 1979

741 km²

Epulauquen

IUCN VI

Tourist and Forest Provincial Reserve · 1973

309 km²

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN

Sub-administrations5