Makalu-Barun
IUCN IINational Park · 1991
1 388 km²
Commune · IND
n.a. ( 455)
India
CwaTemperate, dry winter, hot summer(100 %)
Species observed
113
Observations
605
Area
1 239,6km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 37 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de n.a. ( 455) : 31 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 38 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 5.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 6 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
37
Interactions affichées
38
Connectance
0.057
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
113 distinct species · 605 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
25,3°C
Annual rain
1 507mm
Warmest m°
36,3°C
Coldest m°
10,2°C
Elevation: 64 m on average (min 50 m, max 4 624 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
25,3°C
Annual rain
1 507mm
Warmest month
36,3°C
Coldest month
10,2°C
Mean alt.
64m
Min
50m
Max
4 624m
Std. dev.
38m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwaTemperate, dry winter, hot summer(100 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
14,3g/kg
Clay
26,6%
Sand
28,5%
Silt
44,9%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: suGLiMaggregated to Sitamarhi
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,8
Org. C
19,9g/kg
Clay
27,4%
Sand
28,1%
Silt
44,6%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
13,4g/kg
Clay
27,0%
Sand
28,3%
Silt
44,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
9,6g/kg
Clay
25,5%
Sand
29,2%
Silt
45,4%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest8.7%
Crops79.7%
Built-up1.9%
Bare soil0.7%
Other (grassland, water…)9.0%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology6 basins · 0 lakes · 8 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
65,9km
Basins crossed
6
Max stream order
4
Max drainage
2 229km²
Discharge in basins
24,7m³/s
Mean precip.
1 346mm/an
Mean T°
24,4°C
Moisture idx
-0,13
Max snow
42%
Mean runoff
674mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
114m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Jhim Nadisub-area1 143 km²overlap479.92 km²39%
- Bassin de Jaladh Kholasub-area2 228,9 km²overlap378.81 km²31%
- Bassin de Bagmati River (बागमती नदी)sub-area1 846,5 km²overlap225.27 km²18%
- Bassin de Budhnagra-Samri Nadisub-area589,3 km²overlap155.56 km²13%
- Bassin de 甘玛藏布sub-area678,4 km²overlap0.05 km²0%
- Bassin de Barun Riversub-area452,8 km²overlap0.03 km²0%
Rivers / streams (8, ord ≥ 4)
- Jhim Nadiord 4len here34.27 km36%total95 km
- Hardi Nadiord 3len here14.03 km27%total52 km
- Jangaha Nadiord 2len here5.39 km14%total39 km
- Budhnagra-Samri Nadiord 2len here4.25 km19%total22 km
- Mahara Nadiord 3len here3.16 km13%total25 km
- Rato Nadiord 4len here2.48 km6%total45 km
- Kantawa Nadiord 2len here2.13 km10%total21 km
- Bighi Nadiord 3len here0.14 km0%total61 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
13hab/km²
Night light
1,4nW
Built-up
191,5%
Pesticides
2,0kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas1
IUCN II · 1
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN