Montes de Toledo
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2016
2 184 km²
Commune · ESP
n.a. (42)
Spain
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(84 %)
Species observed
1 191
Observations
17 356
Area
1 123,5km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 32 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de n.a. (42) : 23 espèces reliées par 67 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 12.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 10 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
33
Interactions affichées
67
Connectance
0.127
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
1 191 distinct species · 17 356 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
16,2°C
Annual rain
638mm
Warmest m°
32,8°C
Coldest m°
2,4°C
Elevation: 516 m on average (min 359 m, max 773 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
16,2°C
Annual rain
638mm
Warmest month
32,8°C
Coldest month
2,4°C
Mean alt.
516m
Min
359m
Max
773m
Std. dev.
89m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(84 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,8
Org. C
28,0g/kg
Clay
20,4%
Sand
45,2%
Silt
34,5%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: smGLiMaggregated to Badajoz
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,8
Org. C
47,7g/kg
Clay
19,6%
Sand
45,2%
Silt
35,2%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
21,9g/kg
Clay
19,3%
Sand
44,7%
Silt
36,0%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,8
Org. C
14,5g/kg
Clay
22,2%
Sand
45,6%
Silt
32,2%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest22.5%
Crops16.0%
Built-up0.1%
Bare soil4.3%
Other (grassland, water…)57.0%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology9 basins · 5 lakes · 9 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
251,8km
Lake surface here
40,90km²
Basins crossed
9
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
26 363km²
Discharge in basins
49,1m³/s
Mean precip.
459mm/an
Mean T°
14,9°C
Moisture idx
-0,63
Max snow
2%
Mean runoff
129mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
572m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Río Guadianasub-area771 km²overlap472.18 km²42%
- Bassin de Río Guadianasub-area508,2 km²overlap322.07 km²29%
- Bassin de Río Guadalupejosub-area463,9 km²overlap116.29 km²10%
- Bassin de Río Gualemarsub-area832,7 km²overlap100.84 km²9%
- Bassin de Río Estenasub-area973,9 km²overlap99.81 km²9%
- Bassin de Río Guadianasub-area501 km²overlap6.98 km²1%
- Bassin de Río Ruecassub-area1 914 km²overlap3.57 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Guadianasub-area728,4 km²overlap1.69 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Guadianasub-area299,6 km²overlap0.08 km²0%
Lakes (5, top by area)
Rivers / streams (9, ord ≥ 4)
- Río Guadianaord 6len here134.81 km20%total668 km
- Río Guadalupejoord 3len here37.81 km48%total79 km
- Río Estenaord 5len here28.92 km37%total78 km
- Arroyo del Corazoncilloord 2len here19.62 km42%total47 km
- Arroyo Grandeord 2len here13.49 km33%total41 km
- Río Estomizaord 2len here10.69 km43%total25 km
- Arroyo de Canalijaord 1len here6.50 km100%total7 km
- Río Estenillaord 2len here≈ tangenttotal26 km
- Río Fríoord 2len here≈ tangenttotal11 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,2nW
Built-up
8,9%
Pesticides
31,6kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas10
IUCN Not Reported · 9IUCN IV · 1
Montes de Toledo
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2005
2 184 km²
Puerto Peña - los Golondrinos
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2000
353 km²
Puerto Peña - los Golondrinos
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2015
353 km²
Ríos de la cuenca media del Guadiana y laderas vertientes
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2016
239 km²
Ríos de la cuenca media del Guadiana y laderas vertientes
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2005
239 km²
Complete list10 protected areas
- Montes de ToledoSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20162 184 km²
- Montes de ToledoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20052 184 km²
- Puerto Peña - los GolondrinosSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2000353 km²
- Puerto Peña - los GolondrinosSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2015353 km²
- Ríos de la cuenca media del Guadiana y laderas vertientesSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2016239 km²
- Ríos de la cuenca media del Guadiana y laderas vertientesSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2005239 km²
- EstenaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201579 km²
- Alcornocal de ZumajoSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201531 km²
- Corredor del Río GuadalupejoEcological corridorIUCN IV200321 km²
- Río GuadalemarSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20154 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN