Javan Ferret Badger
Melogale orientalis(Horsfield, 1821)
1 photo · Licences CC (Wikimedia Commons / iNaturalist)Click pour agrandir
Description
espèce de mammifères
Source : Wikidata
Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome
Chargement du graphe…
Indicateurs du réseau écologique
Comment lire ce graphe
Ce graphe représente les interactions écologiques documentées entre Melogale orientalis et d'autres espèces, à partir de la base GloBI (Global Biotic Interactions, agrégation mondiale de la littérature scientifique) — source principale, complétée par d'autres jeux de données d'interactions agrégés par Ontologia. Il faut le comprendre comme une carte du savoir documenté, pas une carte de la réalité écologique exhaustive.
Limites principales
- Incomplet. La majorité des interactions écologiques en milieu naturel n'ont jamais été publiées. Une espèce sans liens visibles n'est pas isolée — elle est probablement mal étudiée.
- Biais publication pharmaco-agronomique. La littérature des interactions est polarisée par les enjeux économiques et sanitaires : parasitism / pathogen sur-pondéré sur les mammifères (recherche zoonoses, vecteurs), herbivory sur-pondéré sur les insectes phytophages (entomologie agronomique). À l'inverse, mutualisms, commensalisms et interactions sol/microbiote sont sous-cités. Conseil de lecture : sur les hubs mammifères ou les insectes ravageurs de culture, lire les arêtes parasitism / herbivory dominantes relativement au contexte de littérature, pas comme une mesure d'intensité écologique brute. Détails §10.1.
- Biaisé vers les espèces étudiées. Quelques espèces (oiseaux communs, abeille mellifère, espèces modèles) concentrent disproportionnellement plus d'interactions documentées. Notre score composite ajoute un malus aux hubs de littérature pour atténuer cette dominance visuelle.
- Interactions documentées globalement. Toutes les espèces affichées sont observées en France métropolitaine (les observations sont filtrées sur le territoire métropolitain), mais les interactions entre elles proviennent de la littérature scientifique mondiale. Une interaction documentée à l'étranger peut ne pas se réaliser à l'identique sur votre territoire. Le filtre « restreindre à ma commune » tient compte de la co-occurrence spatiale locale mais ne garantit pas l'interaction effective.
- Sans dimension temporelle. Les variations saisonnières (migration, floraison, cycle de vie) ne sont pas modélisées.
- Force d'interaction approximative. L'épaisseur des liens reflète le nombre de fois où l'interaction a été rapportée dans la littérature, pas son importance écologique réelle.
Comment nous sélectionnons les espèces affichées
Le graphe affiche au plus 31 nœuds par fiche (1 centre + 15 bulles depth=1 + 15 partenaires depth=2). Le serveur sélectionne intelligemment :
- Bulles famille créées si une cascade taxonomique existe ou si ≥3 espèces directement documentées partagent une même famille — les espèces sont absorbées dans la bulle (pas de doublon visuel)
- Espèces individuelles uniquement quand <3 dans une famille (sans cascade) — relations directes documentées
- Pas d'espèces inférées affichées en doublon — les cascades sont représentées via les bulles famille uniquement
- Partenaires depth=2 sélectionnés via algo priorité : candidat partagé par ≥2 docs de la famille (food web central) → reliant entre bulles → top sum_obs en dernier recours
- Sous-types GloBI traduits en français au survol de la flèche (chasse, parasite, parasitoïde, mycorhize…)
Le toggle Profondeur 1 ↔ 2 client-side cache ou affiche les partenaires depth=2 sans refetch. Filtres règne, type d'interaction, ordres/familles, patrimoniales et commune recalculent côté serveur (slow path live ~1-2 s).
Indicateurs avancés (mode expert) : Modularité Q (Newman 2006, PNAS), communautés (Louvain, Blondel et al. 2008, J. Stat. Mech.), nestedness NODF (Almeida-Neto et al. 2008, Oikos).
Source : GloBI · TAXREF v18 (INPN/MNHN) · BDC-Statuts · Wikidata
3 partenaires écologiques documentés directement dans GloBI.
Partenaires
3
Espèces avec interactions documentées
Types d'interactions
1
Prédation, pollinisation, parasitisme…
Connectance
0.667
Densité des liens dans le sous-graphe affiché
Rang animalia
50 %
Percentile vs ensemble des animalia
Liste rouge IUCN
LC · Préoccupation mineure?Inconnue- Évaluation
- 2016 · v3.1
- Altitude
- 260 – 2230 m
- Profondeur
- – m
État de la populationTexte officiel évaluation IUCNExpert
The abundance of Javan Ferret Badger is essentially unknown. It seems generally distributed along the main tourist trail of Gunung Gede (Duckworth et al. 2008). Although Rode-Margono et al. (2014) had many camera-trap records from Cipaganti, these all came from three stations within 800-1,000 m of each other, so potentially involved only two social units (one of which had at least two animals; together in some images) (E.J. Rode-Margono pers. comm. 2014). Encounter rates with camera-traps are typically lower than for other similar-size species (A. Ario pers. comm. 2014). It is commonly seen at at the Baturaden-Purwokerto foothills of Gunung Slamet (G. Semiadi pers. comm. 2014).
Menaces identifiées(1 menace classée CMP-IUCN)
5_1_1Intentional use (species is the target)Negligible declinesWhole (>90%)Ongoing
Description complète des menacesTexte détaillé évaluation IUCNExpert
Small numbers of Javan Ferret Badgers are traded in the 'bird' markets (which also deal extensively in mammals) of Jakarta; they evidently come from the wild and, while also advertised for sale on the internet, seem still basically to be a novelty pet (Riffel 1991, Kim 2012, Shepherd 2012). E.J. Rode-Margono (pers. comm. 2014), D. Spaan and colleagues undertook 62 market surveys between February 2012 and July 2014, in 15 markets (13 in West Java including Jakarta, two in Bali); they recorded ferret badgers four times at Jatinegara (Jakarta): June 2012, four individuals; January 2014 one; May 2014, four individuals (immatures); June 2014, two dead individuals and one alive. In 2014 they also saw one infant in Garut (West Java). These numbers are very low compared with numbers of civets (Nijman et al. 2014). The species seems in 2014 to be consistently available in markets, whereas five years previously it was unusual to see in trade (C.R. Shephard pers. comm. 2014). The risk of trade rising is increased by the recent formation of 'civet-lovers' clubs (known locally as ‘cinta musang'), which also collect other small carnivores (E. Wilianto pers. comm. 2014). Availability of Javan Ferret Badger on on-line animal trading websites in Indonesia has also increased in recent years: this is likely to increase demand for the species because on-line sites reach a broader consumer audience and allow for ease of purchase (C.R. Shepherd pers. comm. 2015).
Much of the forest habitat of Java has been converted to other uses, particularly agriculture, but this species does not depend upon extensive old-growth forest; it is unclear if it requires any sort of native forest. Domestic dogs are common on Java and represent a potential threat to Javan Ferret Badger, because a high proportion of its range is likely to be within a few kilometers of human settlement. Hunters' dogs are not rare in habitat such as that at Cipaganti (although stray dogs stay in the village); pig hunters go into the field almost every day, with dogs, they train their dogs by letting them hunt squirrels in bushy regrowth of fallows, and they leave dogs at little huts in the fields to chase away pigs by barking at night (E.J. Rode-Margono pers. comm. 2014). These might pose some threat but it is presumably not critical given that ferret badgers continue to use such areas. Hunting levels for small carnivores are much lower on Java than in northern South-east Asia (see Rode-Margono et al. 2014) and while some are doubtless killed (particularly given a recent rise in amateur leisure-seekers firing air-guns at anything they come across (E. Wilianto pers. comm. 2014), it seems unlikely that this would be sufficient to drive declines. Bird trapping is widespread and intensive on Java; trappers opportunistically take any small wildlife that they come across, for sale in the urban pet trade (C.R. Shepherd pers. comm. 2015); indeed the ground traps for birds widely used sometimes catch ferret badgers (E. Wilianto pers. comm. 2014). There is a yet no evidence of targeted harvest of the species.
Much of the forest habitat of Java has been converted to other uses, particularly agriculture, but this species does not depend upon extensive old-growth forest; it is unclear if it requires any sort of native forest. Domestic dogs are common on Java and represent a potential threat to Javan Ferret Badger, because a high proportion of its range is likely to be within a few kilometers of human settlement. Hunters' dogs are not rare in habitat such as that at Cipaganti (although stray dogs stay in the village); pig hunters go into the field almost every day, with dogs, they train their dogs by letting them hunt squirrels in bushy regrowth of fallows, and they leave dogs at little huts in the fields to chase away pigs by barking at night (E.J. Rode-Margono pers. comm. 2014). These might pose some threat but it is presumably not critical given that ferret badgers continue to use such areas. Hunting levels for small carnivores are much lower on Java than in northern South-east Asia (see Rode-Margono et al. 2014) and while some are doubtless killed (particularly given a recent rise in amateur leisure-seekers firing air-guns at anything they come across (E. Wilianto pers. comm. 2014), it seems unlikely that this would be sufficient to drive declines. Bird trapping is widespread and intensive on Java; trappers opportunistically take any small wildlife that they come across, for sale in the urban pet trade (C.R. Shepherd pers. comm. 2015); indeed the ground traps for birds widely used sometimes catch ferret badgers (E. Wilianto pers. comm. 2014). There is a yet no evidence of targeted harvest of the species.
Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)
14_6Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest★1_9Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane★3_6Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Moist14_1Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land14_3Artificial/Terrestrial - Plantations
Mesures de conservation recommandéesStratégies de conservation IUCNExpert
Javan Ferret Badger's use of habitats from the interior of old-growth forest to agricultural landscapes, in an environment of low levels of hunting in the styles which might catch the species, suggest that there are no significant conservation issues for the species at present. However, more information would allow a more confident assessment. The highest priority is probably to monitor market trade levels; fashions for pets can change very quickly (Nekaris et al. 2013) and there is no information from which to speculate on how populations of this species would respond to focussed trade demand. The species occurs in multiple protected areas, potentially many more than those in which it has yet been documented. Javan Ferret Badger is not listed as a protected species in Indonesia. However, according to Indonesian law, species that are not protected may only be traded domestically or internationally following a harvest and export quota system, and because there is no allotted quota for this species, its trade is illegal (Shepherd 2012). Enforcement efforts to counter trade in non-protected species outside the national quota regulations are, however, rarely enforced. Furthermore, enforcement of regulations in the bird markets in Jakarta is also lacking and illegal trade continues on a daily and open basis (Nijman et al. 2014). It is recommended that enforcement efforts are increased in relation to the ongoing illegal trade of this and other species in the bird markets
Actions de conservation (3)Conservation Actions Classification Scheme — IUCNExpert
2_1Site/area management5_4_2National level5_4_3Sub-national level
Stress écologiques (1)Stresses Classification — IUCNExpert
2_1Species mortality
Priorités de recherche (7)Research Needed Classification — IUCNExpert
1_1Taxonomy1_2Population size, distribution & trends1_3Life history & ecology1_4Harvest, use & livelihoods3_1Population trends3_2Harvest level trends3_3Trade trends
Niche IUCN globaleRealms · Systems · LMEs · Growth forms · FAOs — biogéographie IUCNExpert
Royaumes biogéographiques
Indomalayan
Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)
Terrestrial
Références bibliographiques (16)Sources scientifiques de l'évaluation IUCNExpert
- IUCN. 2016. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-1. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 30 June 2016).
- Nijman, V., Spaan, D., Rode-Margono, E.J., Roberts, P.D., Wirdateti and Nekaris, K.A.I. 2014. Trade in Common Palm Civet <i>Paradoxurus hermaphroditus</i> in Javan and Balinese markets, Indonesia. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> 51: 11–17.
- Nekaris, K.A.-I., Campbell, N., Coggins, T.G., Rode, E.J. and Nijman, V. 2013. Tickled to death: analysing public perceptions of ‘cute’ videos of threatened species (slow lorises – <i>Nycticebus</i> spp.) on Web 2.0 Sites. <i>PloS One</i> 8(7): (e69215) 1–10.
- Shepherd, C.R. 2012. Observations of small carnivores in Jakarta wildlife markets, Indonesia, with notes on trade in Javan Ferret Badger <i>Melogale orientalis</i> and on the increasing demand for Common Palm Civet <i>Paradoxurus hermaphroditus</i> for civet coffee production. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> 47: 38–41.
- Kim, M. 2012. Notes on live ferret badger <i>Melogale</i> trade in Java. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> 46: 30–32.
- Eaton, J.A., Wüst, R., Wirth, R., Shepherd, C.R., Semiadi, G., Hall, J. and Duckworth, J.W. 2010. Recent records of the Javan Small-toothed Palm Civet <i>Arctogalidia (trivirgata) trilineata</i>. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> 43: 16–22.
- Duckworth, J.W., Roberton, S.I. and Brickle, N. 2008. Further notes on Javan Ferret Badger <i>Melogale orientalis</i> at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, Java. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> 39: 39–40.
- Brickle, N. 2007. Sightings of Javan Ferret Badger <i>Melogale orientalis</i>. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> 36: 50.
- Wozencraft, W.C. 2005. Order Carnivora. In: D.E. Wilson and D.M. Reeder (eds), <i>Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third Edition</i>, pp. 532-628. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
- Wozencraft, W.C. 2005. Order Carnivora. In: D.E. Wilson and D.M. Reeder (eds), <i>Mammal species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference, 3rd edn</i>, pp. 532–628. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.
- Long, C.A. 1992. Is the Javan ferret-badger a subspecies or a species? <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> 6: 17.
- Smiet, A.C. 1992. Forest ecology on Java: human impact and vegetation of montane forest. <i>Journal of Tropical Ecology</i> 8: 129–152.
- Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1992. <i>Mammals of the Indo-Malayan Region: a Systematic Review</i>. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
- Riffel, M. 1991. An update on the Javan Ferret-Badger <i>Melogale orientalis</i> (Horsfield 1821). <i>Mustelid and Viverrid Newsletter</i> 5: 2-3.
- Yossa, I, Navy, P., Dolly, P., Yudha, N., Aswar and Yosias, M. 1991. Survey of the carnivores of Gunung Halimun nature reserve, Java. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> 5: 3.
- Pocock, R.I. 1941. <i>The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma</i>. Taylor & Francis, Ltd., London, UK.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (3)Personnes ayant contribué à l'évaluation IUCNExpert
assessor
Duckworth, J.W., Shepherd, C., Rode-Margono, E.J., Wilianto, E., Spaan, D. & Abramov, A.V.
contributor
Brickle, N. & Wibisono, H.
evaluator
Schipper, J.
Duckworth, J.W., Shepherd, C., Rode-Margono, E.J., Wilianto, E., Spaan, D. & Abramov, A.V. 2016. Melogale orientalis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T41697A45218557. Accessed on 05 May 2026.
Traits biologiques
20 valeurs · 4 sources
Morphologie(4)
Cycle de vie(1)
Voir 15 traits de plus (2 catégories)Replier
Reproduction(6)
Écologie & habitat(9)
Sources priorisées par qualité scientifique (peer-reviewed spécialisées → Wikidata fallback). Unités auto-converties, valeur max retenue en cas de mesures multiples. Méthodologie · Citations.
Répartition mondiale
Aucune observation géoréférencée avec précision suffisante (<10 km) dans GBIF pour cette espèce.
Consulter sur les bases externes
Observations & statuts
Cartographie
Note nomenclaturale & synonymesDétails taxonomiques + synonymes CoLExpert
Note nomenclaturale
TAXREF v18 — INPN/MNHNSynonymes (2)— redirigent vers cette page
- Gulo orientalisHorsfield, 1821
- Melogale personata orientalis(Horsfield, 1821)
Sources : Catalogue of Life Cross-References (synonymes) · TAXREF v18 INPN/MNHN (commentaires FR).