Ontologia

Water body · JPN

Lake Biwa

Japan

CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(100 %)

Species observed

981

Observations

10 598

Area

685,9km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 29 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Lake Biwa : 24 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 55 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 10.4%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
33
Interactions affichées
55
Connectance
0.104
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

981 distinct species · 10 598 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

10 598 obs · 22 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 2 780
842–2 779
514–841
388–513
< 388

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

15,4°C

Annual rain

1 821mm

Warmest m°

30,3°C

Coldest m°

-0,3°C

Elevation: 86 m on average (min 83 m, max 328 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
15,4°C
Annual rain
1 821mm
Warmest month
30,3°C
Coldest month
-0,3°C
Mean alt.
86m
Min
83m
Max
328m
Std. dev.
11m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(100 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,2

Org. C

60,0g/kg

Clay

30,3%

Sand

32,1%

Silt

37,5%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: paGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,1
Org. C
88,0g/kg
Clay
30,0%
Sand
32,2%
Silt
37,8%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,1
Org. C
56,6g/kg
Clay
30,7%
Sand
31,7%
Silt
37,5%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,2
Org. C
35,4g/kg
Clay
30,2%
Sand
32,5%
Silt
37,2%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest2.2%
Crops1.3%
Built-up0.5%
Bare soil0.2%
Other (grassland, water…)95.9%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology5 basins · 3 lakes · 46 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

174,3km

Lake surface here

640,10km²

Basins crossed

5

Max stream order

5

Max drainage

4 202km²

Discharge in basins

77,8m³/s

Mean precip.

1 901mm/an

Mean T°

13,3°C

Moisture idx

0,49

Max snow

14%

Mean runoff

1 168mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

298m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (3, top by area)

Rivers / streams (46, ord ≥ 4)

34 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,6nW

Built-up

50,9%

Pesticides

90,5kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas7

IUCN IV · 5IUCN V · 1IUCN Not Reported · 1

Biwako

IUCN V

Quasi National Park · 1950

965 km²

Biwako

IUCN IV

Prefectural Wildlife Protection Area · 2021

729 km²

Biwa-ko

IUCN Not Reported

Wetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site) · 1993

652 km²

Nishinoko

IUCN IV

Prefectural Wildlife Protection Area · 2016

6 km²

Kojinyama

IUCN IV

Prefectural Wildlife Protection Area · 2023

4 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN