Ontologia

Subdivision · ESP

La Carolina

Spain

BSkArid, steppe, cold(57 %)

Species observed

918

Observations

32 232

Area

201,1km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 39 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de La Carolina : 28 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 85 interactions GloBI sur 6 types (connectance 11.5%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 11 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
39
Interactions affichées
85
Connectance
0.115
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

918 distinct species · 32 232 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

32 232 obs · 5 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 9 395
9 395–9 394
7 767–9 394
7 631–7 766
< 7 631

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

16,3°C

Annual rain

542mm

Warmest m°

33,4°C

Coldest m°

1,9°C

Elevation: 644 m on average (min 441 m, max 1 148 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
16,3°C
Annual rain
542mm
Warmest month
33,4°C
Coldest month
1,9°C
Mean alt.
644m
Min
441m
Max
1 148m
Std. dev.
154m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
BSkArid, steppe, cold(57 %)Arid

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,1

Org. C

28,9g/kg

Clay

28,2%

Sand

34,7%

Silt

37,2%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Jaén

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,0
Org. C
50,8g/kg
Clay
26,5%
Sand
35,3%
Silt
38,3%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,2
Org. C
21,9g/kg
Clay
27,2%
Sand
34,6%
Silt
38,2%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,2
Org. C
14,0g/kg
Clay
30,8%
Sand
34,0%
Silt
35,1%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest25.5%
Crops11.0%
Built-up0.5%
Bare soil4.0%
Other (grassland, water…)59.1%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology2 basins · 1 lakes · 4 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

42,9km

Lake surface here

2,76km²

Basins crossed

2

Max stream order

3

Max drainage

17 125km²

Discharge in basins

2,7m³/s

Mean precip.

506mm/an

Mean T°

15,8°C

Moisture idx

-0,59

Max snow

1%

Mean runoff

68mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

643m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (1, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

1,2nW

Built-up

46,2%

Pesticides

33,1kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas8

IUCN Not Reported · 5IUCN IV · 2IUCN V · 1

Sierra Morena

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2016

1 349 km²

Sierra Morena

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2005

1 349 km²

Despeñaperros

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2002

78 km²

Despeñaperros

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2012

78 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN