Ontologia

Commune · CHN

Kunming

China

CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(100 %)

Species observed

5 104

Observations

45 514

Area

1 167,9km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 35 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Kunming : 26 espèces reliées par 37 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 6.2%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
35
Interactions affichées
37
Connectance
0.062
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

5 104 distinct species · 45 514 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

45 514 obs · 28 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 15 932
6 579–15 931
355–6 578
51–354
< 51

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

15,5°C

Annual rain

1 108mm

Warmest m°

22,9°C

Coldest m°

3,4°C

Elevation: 2 058 m on average (min 1 886 m, max 2 494 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
15,5°C
Annual rain
1 108mm
Warmest month
22,9°C
Coldest month
3,4°C
Mean alt.
2 058m
Min
1 886m
Max
2 494m
Std. dev.
144m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(100 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,1

Org. C

31,0g/kg

Clay

37,4%

Sand

21,2%

Silt

41,4%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: smGLiMaggregated to Kunming

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
45,0g/kg
Clay
36,3%
Sand
22,0%
Silt
41,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
26,8g/kg
Clay
36,1%
Sand
21,6%
Silt
42,2%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
21,4g/kg
Clay
39,7%
Sand
20,1%
Silt
40,2%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest30.1%
Crops13.8%
Built-up7.1%
Bare soil2.4%
Other (grassland, water…)46.6%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology7 basins · 13 lakes · 17 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

156,3km

Lake surface here

46,10km²

Basins crossed

7

Max stream order

3

Max drainage

4 440km²

Discharge in basins

18,8m³/s

Mean precip.

1 005mm/an

Mean T°

14,6°C

Moisture idx

-0,14

Mean runoff

482mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

2 072m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (13, top by area)

4 more lakes

Rivers / streams (17, ord ≥ 4)

5 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

22hab/km²

Night light

14,9nW

Built-up

712,2%

Pesticides

87,4kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas1

IUCN VI · 1

Dianchi

IUCN VI

Scenic Area · 1981

2 274 km²

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN