Ontologia

Town · EST

Kunda

Estonia

DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)

Species observed

986

Observations

7 484

Area

10,1km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 41 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Kunda : 33 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 58 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 7.1%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
41
Interactions affichées
58
Connectance
0.071
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

986 distinct species · 7 484 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

7 484 obs · 1 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 7 484
7 484–7 483
7 484–7 483
7 484–7 483
< 7 484

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

5,5°C

Annual rain

652mm

Warmest m°

20,4°C

Coldest m°

-7,9°C

Elevation: 26 m on average (min -2 m, max 56 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
5,5°C
Annual rain
652mm
Warmest month
20,4°C
Coldest month
-7,9°C
Mean alt.
26m
Min
-2m
Max
56m
Std. dev.
16m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)Cold

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,3

Org. C

84,6g/kg

Clay

13,2%

Sand

58,4%

Silt

28,4%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: scGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,3
Org. C
123,1g/kg
Clay
12,2%
Sand
58,0%
Silt
29,8%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,4
Org. C
87,2g/kg
Clay
12,6%
Sand
59,2%
Silt
28,3%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,4
Org. C
43,5g/kg
Clay
14,8%
Sand
58,1%
Silt
27,1%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest25.4%
Crops27.9%
Built-up2.5%
Bare soil0.7%
Other (grassland, water…)43.6%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology3 basins · 0 lakes · 1 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

3,2km

Basins crossed

3

Max stream order

3

Max drainage

504km²

Discharge in basins

0,1m³/s

Mean precip.

612mm/an

Mean T°

4,8°C

Moisture idx

0,10

Max snow

39%

Mean runoff

295mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

62m

Watersheds crossing here

Rivers / streams (1, ord ≥ 4)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

1hab/km²

Night light

7,0nW

Built-up

248,1%

Pesticides

5,0kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas22

IUCN Not Assigned · 15IUCN Not Reported · 3IUCN VI · 2IUCN IV · 1IUCN V · 1🌊 Marine · 6

Sirtsi

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2014

62 km²

Toolse

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2004

5 km²

Toolse

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2005

5 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN