Ontologia

Commune · POL

Kraków

Poland

DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)

Species observed

5 174

Observations

174 117

Area

326,8km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 41 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Kraków : 32 espèces reliées par 119 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 13.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 10 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
42
Interactions affichées
119
Connectance
0.138
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

5 174 distinct species · 174 117 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

174 117 obs · 9 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 53 650
53 650–53 649
23 962–53 649
17 059–23 961
< 17 059

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

8,9°C

Annual rain

702mm

Warmest m°

23,1°C

Coldest m°

-5,5°C

Elevation: 223 m on average (min 191 m, max 319 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
8,9°C
Annual rain
702mm
Warmest month
23,1°C
Coldest month
-5,5°C
Mean alt.
223m
Min
191m
Max
319m
Std. dev.
23m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)Cold

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,0

Org. C

30,4g/kg

Clay

24,5%

Sand

17,6%

Silt

57,9%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: suGLiMaggregated to Kraków (City)

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
55,1g/kg
Clay
23,9%
Sand
17,6%
Silt
58,4%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
20,1g/kg
Clay
24,9%
Sand
16,9%
Silt
58,3%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
16,0g/kg
Clay
24,7%
Sand
18,2%
Silt
57,1%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest17.1%
Crops23.3%
Built-up6.5%
Bare soil0.5%
Other (grassland, water…)52.5%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology1 basins · 8 lakes · 19 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

98,3km

Lake surface here

2,01km²

Basins crossed

1

Max stream order

6

Max drainage

9 148km²

Discharge in basins

12,0m³/s

Mean precip.

708mm/an

Mean T°

7,9°C

Moisture idx

-0,08

Max snow

19%

Mean runoff

259mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

283m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (8, top by area)

Rivers / streams (19, ord ≥ 4)

7 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

13hab/km²

Night light

19,1nW

Built-up

654,7%

Pesticides

12,9kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas11

IUCN IV · 5IUCN V · 3IUCN Not Reported · 3

Łąki Nowohuckie

IUCN Not Reported

Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) · 2012

1 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN