Itäisen Suomenlahden saaristo ja vedet
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 1998
957 km²
Commune · FIN
Kotka-Hamina
Finland
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)
Species observed
11 427
Observations
1 100 796
Area
2 014km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 34 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Kotka-Hamina : 25 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 94 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 16.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
34
Interactions affichées
94
Connectance
0.168
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
11 427 distinct species · 1 100 796 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
4,9°C
Annual rain
743mm
Warmest m°
21,2°C
Coldest m°
-9,4°C
Elevation: 28 m on average (min -28 m, max 86 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
4,9°C
Annual rain
743mm
Warmest month
21,2°C
Coldest month
-9,4°C
Mean alt.
28m
Min
-28m
Max
86m
Std. dev.
18m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)Cold
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
4,9
Org. C
123,7g/kg
Clay
26,0%
Sand
36,5%
Silt
37,5%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: paGLiMaggregated to Kymenlaakso
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
4,8
Org. C
198,7g/kg
Clay
25,7%
Sand
36,3%
Silt
38,0%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
4,8
Org. C
113,5g/kg
Clay
25,7%
Sand
36,4%
Silt
37,9%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,1
Org. C
58,9g/kg
Clay
26,7%
Sand
36,8%
Silt
36,5%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest66.0%
Crops6.4%
Built-up0.3%
Bare soil0.4%
Other (grassland, water…)27.0%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology4 basins · 50 lakes · 29 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
257,8km
Lake surface here
31,67km²
Basins crossed
4
Max stream order
6
Max drainage
26 798km²
Discharge in basins
105,1m³/s
Mean precip.
619mm/an
Mean T°
4,4°C
Moisture idx
0,11
Max snow
48%
Mean runoff
349mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
40m
Watersheds crossing here
Lakes (50, top by area)
- Tammijärviarea12,2 km²avg depth3.7 m
- Väkevänjärviarea4,5 km²avg depth7.2 m
- Pitkajärviarea3,6 km²avg depth8.5 m
- Muhjärviarea2,7 km²avg depth3.6 m
- Tyllinjärviarea2,5 km²avg depth4.4 m
- Kannusjärviarea1,5 km²avg depth9.7 m
- Valkjärviarea1,3 km²avg depth8.2 m
- Lake #55935area1,3 km²avg depth3.1 m
- Piutulanjärviarea1,2 km²avg depth7.5 m
41 more lakes
- Kotijärviarea1 km²avg depth4.6 m
- Lac 1282568area0,9 km²avg depth7.3 m
- Lac 1283427area0,9 km²avg depth2.0 m
- Lac 1283000area0,8 km²avg depth4.2 m
- Lac 1281741area0,8 km²avg depth6.3 m
- Lac 1282752area0,7 km²avg depth4.7 m
- Lac 1282818area0,7 km²avg depth3.2 m
- Lac 1282729area0,7 km²avg depth4.1 m
- Lac 1281652area0,7 km²avg depth6.2 m
- Lac 1282971area0,7 km²avg depth4.0 m
- Lac 1282763area0,7 km²avg depth4.8 m
- Lac 1282246area0,6 km²avg depth5.8 m
- Lac 1282935area0,6 km²avg depth3.9 m
- Lac 1282830area0,6 km²avg depth6.9 m
- Lac 1282601area0,6 km²avg depth4.8 m
- Lac 1282555area0,6 km²avg depth5.5 m
- Lac 1281773area0,5 km²avg depth5.6 m
- Lac 1283243area0,5 km²avg depth4.5 m
- Lac 1282066area0,5 km²avg depth6.2 m
- Lac 1282247area0,5 km²avg depth4.7 m
- Lac 1283744area0,4 km²avg depth3.1 m
- Lac 1282584area0,4 km²avg depth5.0 m
- Lac 1282190area0,4 km²avg depth5.1 m
- Lac 1283015area0,4 km²avg depth4.2 m
- Lac 1282180area0,3 km²avg depth4.4 m
- Lac 1281784area0,3 km²avg depth5.1 m
- Lac 1282030area0,3 km²avg depth5.8 m
- Lac 1283949area0,3 km²avg depth3.1 m
- Lac 1283548area0,3 km²avg depth2.5 m
- Lac 1283430area0,3 km²avg depth3.6 m
- Lac 1281883area0,3 km²avg depth4.2 m
- Lac 1281889area0,3 km²avg depth5.0 m
- Lac 1282553area0,3 km²avg depth3.4 m
- Lac 1282468area0,2 km²avg depth5.2 m
- Lac 1281646area0,2 km²avg depth3.5 m
- Lac 1282445area0,2 km²avg depth4.3 m
- Lac 1282112area0,2 km²avg depth5.4 m
- Lac 1282768area0,2 km²avg depth3.8 m
- Lac 1283036area0,1 km²avg depth2.8 m
- Lac 1282709area0,1 km²avg depth4.8 m
- Lac 1283636area0,1 km²avg depth1.9 m
Rivers / streams (29, ord ≥ 4)
- Vaalimaanjokiord 3len here24.79 km100%total25 km
- Turanjokiord 3len here20.98 km100%total21 km
- Onkamaanjokiord 3len here20.13 km100%total20 km
- Kymijokiord 3len here15.92 km46%total35 km
- Vehkajokiord 3len here14.39 km100%total14 km
- Kymijokiord 6len here13.86 km9%total162 km
- Nummenjokiord 1len here12.96 km100%total13 km
- Urpalanjokiord 2len here11.97 km21%total58 km
- Hauhiansaaraord 2len here11.96 km100%total12 km
- Virojokiord 4len here11.03 km95%total12 km
- Välijokiord 2len here10.92 km100%total11 km
- Siltakylänjokiord 1len here10.88 km100%total11 km
17 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Myllyjokiord 3len here10.27 km100%total10 km
- Mäntyjokiord 2len here9.39 km100%total9 km
- Husulanjokiord 1len here9.12 km100%total9 km
- Pyölinjokiord 2len here8.15 km91%total9 km
- Myllynojaord 1len here7.35 km100%total7 km
- Kotojokiord 1len here6.34 km100%total6 km
- Summanjokiord 2len here6.25 km38%total16 km
- Suurensuonjokiord 1len here3.78 km98%total4 km
- Hirvenjokiord 6len here2.88 km80%total4 km
- Haapajokiord 1len here2.86 km69%total4 km
- Piutulanjokiord 1len here2.84 km100%total3 km
- Ravijokiord 1len here2.35 km100%total2 km
- Ravijokiord 1len here2.07 km100%total2 km
- Korkeakosken haaraord 1len here1.32 km100%total1 km
- Kymijokiord 1len here1.29 km100%total1 km
- Suijanojaord 2len here1.21 km19%total6 km
- Sippolanjokiord 2len here0.58 km3%total22 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
2,2nW
Built-up
29,7%
Pesticides
3,7kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas100
IUCN IV · 47IUCN Not Reported · 41IUCN Not Assigned · 8IUCN II · 2IUCN Ia · 1IUCN III · 1🌊 Marine · 23
Itäisen Suomenlahden saaristo ja vedet
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2015
957 km²
Itäisen Suomenlahden saaristo ja vedet/ Eastern Gulf of Finland Archipelago and waters
IUCN Not ReportedBaltic Sea Protected Area (HELCOM) · 2005
957 km²
Vostok Finskogo zaliva (Ingermanlandskij)
IUCN IaState Natural Zapovednik · 2017
152 km²
Kymijoki
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2015
42 km²
Valkmusan kansallispuisto
IUCN IINational Park · 1996
19 km²
Complete list100 protected areas
- Itäisen Suomenlahden saaristo ja vedetSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1998957 km²
- Itäisen Suomenlahden saaristo ja vedetSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2015957 km²
- Itäisen Suomenlahden saaristo ja vedet/ Eastern Gulf of Finland Archipelago and watersBaltic Sea Protected Area (HELCOM)IUCN Not Reported2005957 km²
- Vostok Finskogo zaliva (Ingermanlandskij)State Natural ZapovednikIUCN Ia2017152 km²
- KymijokiSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201542 km²
- Valkmusan kansallispuistoNational ParkIUCN II199619 km²
- ValkmusaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201517 km²
- Valkmusa National ParkWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN Not Reported200417 km²
- Metsälain erityisen tärkeät elinympäristöt Etelä-KarjalaForest habitats of special importance according to the Forest Act (OECM)IUCN Not Assigned190014 km²
- Itäisen Suomenlahden kansallispuistoNational ParkIUCN II19819 km²
- Metsälain erityisen tärkeät elinympäristöt KymenlaaksoForest habitats of special importance according to the Forest Act (OECM)IUCN Not Assigned19008 km²
- Metsätalouden ympäristötukikohteet Etelä-KarjalaForestry environmental aid contracts (OECM)IUCN Not Assigned19007 km²
- Lake Kirkkojärvi and Lupinlahti BayWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN Not Reported20046 km²
- Metsätalouden ympäristötukikohteet KymenlaaksoForestry environmental aid contracts (OECM)IUCN Not Assigned19005 km²
- Santaniemenselkä-TyyslahtiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19984 km²
- AhvenkoskenlahtiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19984 km²
- Pappilansaari-LupinlahtiSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20154 km²
- LupinlahtiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19984 km²
- Lupinlahden luonnonsuojelualuePrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20054 km²
- Leukaniemi-TyllinjärviSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20153 km²
- MuhjärviSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19983 km²
- TyllinjärviSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19983 km²
- RajasuoSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20153 km²
- KirkkojärviSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19982 km²
- Heinlahden luonnonsuojelualuePrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20042 km²
- HeinlahtiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19982 km²
- Kirkon-VilkkilänturaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19982 km²
- Kirkon-Vilkkiläntura BayWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN Not Reported20042 km²
- Kirkon-Vilkkilänturan luonnonsuojelualuePrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20052 km²
- KoukkusaariSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20152 km²
- Tyyslahden luonnonsuojelualuePrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20002 km²
- Onkamaanjärvi-HaudansyväSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19982 km²
- Kirkkojärven pohjoinen luonnonsuojelualuePrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20061 km²
- Kirkkojärven eteläinen luonnonsuojelualuePrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20061 km²
- KokkovuoriSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20151 km²
- SalminlahtiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19981 km²
- Saarelan suojelualuePrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20021 km²
- SuurisuoSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20151 km²
- Salajärvi-RyönänlahtiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19981 km²
- TuorusjärviSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19981 km²
- LaajakoskenjärviSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19981 km²
- SikovuoriSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20151 km²
- VuorisenvuoriSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20151 km²
- Strukan METSOPrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20151 km²
- SUVIRANNAN LUONNONSUOJELUALUEPrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV19311 km²
- Äijönvuori, Suomi 100Private Nature ReserveIUCN IV20171 km²
- SuvirantaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20151 km²
- RapakivenjärviSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19981 km²
- KotkaMussaloPrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20241 km²
- Kaaliaiskorvenvuoren luonnonsuojelualueState Nature ReserveIUCN IV20190 km²
- KaaliaiskorvenvuoriSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20150 km²
- Vepsun ja Pulterin luonnonsuojelualuePrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20040 km²
- ALIMMAINEN-RATALAHTI LUONNONSUOJELUALUEPrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20070 km²
- Mustalammen metsäSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20150 km²
- MustikkaunelmaPrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20170 km²
- PalanneenmäkiSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20150 km²
- Rapakivenjärven pohjoinen luonnonsuojelualuePrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20060 km²
- PapinpesäPrivate Nature ReserveIUCN IV20140 km²
- KorkiavuoriSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20150 km²
- TingankoskenmäkiSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20150 km²
+ 40 protected areas (top 60 shown)
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN