Lebombo Cycad
Encephalartos lebomboensisI.Verd.
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Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome
Graphe en cours d’indexation
Calcul du tissu écologique de Encephalartos lebomboensis.
Le graphe apparaîtra automatiquement dès que le calcul est terminé (rafraîchissement toutes les 5s).
Liste rouge IUCN
EN · En dangercritères A2acd; B1ab(ii,iii,v)+2ab(ii,iii,v)↘Décroissante- Évaluation
- 2022 · v3.1
- Altitude
- 500 – 1000 m
- Profondeur
- – m
État de la populationTexte officiel évaluation IUCNExpert
There are approximately 2,000 plants in the KwaZulu-Natal subpopulations. It is estimated that there are approximately 5,000 plants remaining in the wild, although no recent surveys have been conducted in Mpumalanga or KZN (Government Gazette 2016). Population surveys for this species are in the pipeline (Z. Zondi pers. comm.).
Menaces identifiées(4 menaces classées CMP-IUCN)
5_2_1Intentional use (species is the target)Rapid DeclinesMajority (50-90%)Ongoing8_1_2Named speciesUnknownUnknownOngoing8_1_2Named speciesUnknownUnknownOngoing2_1_2Small-holder farmingSlow, Significant DeclinesMinority (<50%)Ongoing
Description complète des menacesTexte détaillé évaluation IUCNExpert
This Encephalartos species is threatened by poaching for horticultural and traditional medicine purposes, with unconfirmed reports indicating increased harvesting of mature plants for the medicinal plant market, while expanding agricultural activities are threatening the habitat. Invasion by alien plant species such as Lantana camara (Lantana) and Chromolaena odorata (Triffid Weed) is an additional threat (Government Gazette 2016).
Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)
2_1Savanna - Dry6Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks)
Mesures de conservation recommandéesStratégies de conservation IUCNExpert
This species is listed in Appendix I of the CITES Appendices. Subpopulations are found in the Itala Game Reserve and in a private reserve. An education and awareness programme as well as the long-term monitoring of subpopulations will support the conservation of this species.
Actions de conservation (3)Conservation Actions Classification Scheme — IUCNExpert
1_1Site/area protection1_2Resource & habitat protection4_3Awareness & communications
Stress écologiques (7)Stresses Classification — IUCNExpert
1_1Ecosystem conversion1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation1_3Indirect ecosystem effects2_1Species mortality2_3_2Competition2_3_2Competition
Usage & commerce (1)Use & Trade — IUCNExpert
13Pets/display animals, horticultureinternationalnational
Priorités de recherche (4)Research Needed Classification — IUCNExpert
1_2Population size, distribution & trends1_3Life history & ecology1_4Harvest, use & livelihoods3_2Harvest level trends
Niche IUCN globaleRealms · Systems · LMEs · Growth forms · FAOs — biogéographie IUCNExpert
Royaumes biogéographiques
Afrotropical
Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)
Terrestrial
Formes de croissance
CycadTree - large
Références bibliographiques (6)Sources scientifiques de l'évaluation IUCNExpert
- IUCN. 2023. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2023-1. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 07 December 2023).
- IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-1. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 21 July 2022).
- Government Gazette. 2016. Biodiversity Management Plan for 11 Critically Endangered and 4 Endangered <i>Encephalartos</i> species. <i>Government Gazette</i> 40793.
- Grobbelaar, N. 2002. <i>CYCADS - with special reference to the southern African species</i>. Privately published by Nat Grobbelaar, Pretoria, South Africa.
- Scott-Shaw, C.R. 1999. <i>Rare and Threatened Plants of KwaZulu-Natal and Neighbouring Regions</i>. KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Services, Pietermaritzburg.
- Osborne, R. 1988. Focus on <i>Encephalartos lebomboensis</i>. <i>Encephalartos</i> 15: 6-15.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (3)Personnes ayant contribué à l'évaluation IUCNExpert
assessor
Bösenberg, J.D.
contributor
Donaldson, J.S.
evaluator
Donaldson, J.S.
⚠ 1 erratum publié après l'évaluation.
Bösenberg, J.D. 2022. Encephalartos lebomboensis (errata version published in 2023). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2022: e.T41907A243428935. Accessed on 05 May 2026.
Distribution mondiale
Calcul de la distribution GBIF· ~10–60 s
Phénologie
Calcul du calendrier d'apparition· ~5–30 s
Consulter sur les bases externes
Observations & statuts
Cartographie