Ontologia

Municipality · BGR

Elena

Bulgaria

DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(54 %)

Species observed

286

Observations

1 805

Area

656,9km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 34 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Elena : 26 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 80 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 13.4%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
35
Interactions affichées
80
Connectance
0.135
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

286 distinct species · 1 805 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

1 805 obs · 16 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 761
302–760
77–301
66–76
< 66

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

10,0°C

Annual rain

786mm

Warmest m°

24,8°C

Coldest m°

-4,4°C

Elevation: 553 m on average (min 220 m, max 1 237 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
10,0°C
Annual rain
786mm
Warmest month
24,8°C
Coldest month
-4,4°C
Mean alt.
553m
Min
220m
Max
1 237m
Std. dev.
167m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(54 %)Cold

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,0

Org. C

34,7g/kg

Clay

31,6%

Sand

26,2%

Silt

42,2%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: scGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
63,8g/kg
Clay
31,3%
Sand
26,7%
Silt
42,0%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
23,4g/kg
Clay
31,6%
Sand
26,5%
Silt
42,0%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
16,9g/kg
Clay
32,0%
Sand
25,4%
Silt
42,6%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest73.0%
Crops8.0%
Built-up0.1%
Bare soil0.1%
Other (grassland, water…)18.8%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology3 basins · 1 lakes · 11 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

138,1km

Lake surface here

5,09km²

Basins crossed

3

Max stream order

3

Max drainage

4 149km²

Discharge in basins

3,0m³/s

Mean precip.

643mm/an

Mean T°

9,8°C

Moisture idx

-0,31

Max snow

10%

Mean runoff

150mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

445m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (1, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,2nW

Built-up

15,1%

Pesticides

3,3kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas13

IUCN Not Reported · 5IUCN VI · 4IUCN IV · 2IUCN Ia · 1IUCN III · 1

Kotlenska planina

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2007

993 km²

Tvardishka planina

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

387 km²

Stara reka

IUCN Not Reported

Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) · 2008

3 km²

Zlatarishka reka

IUCN Not Reported

Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) · 2008

2 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN