Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe
IUCN Not ApplicableWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 2007
924 km²
Capital Region · BEL
Bruxelles
Belgium
CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)
Species observed
8 990
Observations
1 069 503
Area
156,3km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 37 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Bruxelles : 23 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 122 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 18.3%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 14 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
37
Interactions affichées
122
Connectance
0.183
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
8 990 distinct species · 1 069 503 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
10,3°C
Annual rain
871mm
Warmest m°
22,2°C
Coldest m°
0,5°C
Elevation: 58 m on average (min 15 m, max 126 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
10,3°C
Annual rain
871mm
Warmest month
22,2°C
Coldest month
0,5°C
Mean alt.
58m
Min
15m
Max
126m
Std. dev.
28m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
27,6g/kg
Clay
21,1%
Sand
24,1%
Silt
54,8%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: suGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
40,5g/kg
Clay
20,1%
Sand
23,6%
Silt
56,3%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
24,8g/kg
Clay
20,7%
Sand
22,8%
Silt
56,5%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
17,6g/kg
Clay
22,4%
Sand
25,9%
Silt
51,8%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest15.8%
Crops5.4%
Built-up13.7%
Bare soil0.3%
Other (grassland, water…)64.8%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology2 basins · 0 lakes · 18 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
44,3km
Basins crossed
2
Max stream order
4
Max drainage
1 169km²
Discharge in basins
2,1m³/s
Mean precip.
810mm/an
Mean T°
10,1°C
Moisture idx
0,06
Max snow
10%
Mean runoff
429mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
77m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (18, ord ≥ 4)
- Zeekanaal Brussel-Schelde - Canal maritime de Bruxelles à l'Escautord 4len here6.24 km100%total6 km
- Woluweord 2len here5.77 km43%total14 km
- Senne - Zenneord 4len here5.36 km89%total6 km
- Poelbosbeekord 1len here4.51 km95%total5 km
- Molenbeek-Pedebeekord 1len here4.44 km58%total8 km
- Maelbeek - Maalbeekord 1len here4.32 km100%total4 km
- Zwartebeekord 2len here1.96 km85%total2 km
- Vleesgrachtord 4len here1.94 km100%total2 km
- Roodkloosterbeekord 1len here1.84 km100%total2 km
- Geleytsbeekord 1len here1.52 km97%total2 km
- Linkebeekord 1len here1.24 km90%total1 km
- Zuunbeekord 2len here1.08 km8%total14 km
6 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
43hab/km²
Night light
41,3nW
Built-up
1 368,5%
Pesticides
63,7kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas30
IUCN Not Assigned · 23IUCN Not Reported · 4IUCN IV · 2IUCN Not Applicable · 1🌊 Marine · 1
Zoniënwoud
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2014
28 km²
NBP-VB-19-0167 type 4
IUCN IVNature management plan type 4 (Flemish Region) · 2023
23 km²
La Forêt de Soignes avec lisières et domaines boisés avoisinants et la Vallée de la Woluwe - complexe Forêt de Soignes - Vallée de la Woluwe
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2016
21 km²
Het Zoniënwoud
IUCN Not AssignedFlemish Ecological Network (Flemish Region) · 2003
16 km²
4
IUCN Not AssignedProtected zone in the forest (Brussels Capital Region) · 2007
3 km²
Complete list30 protected areas
- Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of EuropeWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed)IUCN Not Applicable2007924 km²
- ZoniënwoudSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201428 km²
- NBP-VB-19-0167 type 4Nature management plan type 4 (Flemish Region)IUCN IV202323 km²
- La Forêt de Soignes avec lisières et domaines boisés avoisinants et la Vallée de la Woluwe - complexe Forêt de Soignes - Vallée de la WoluweSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201621 km²
- Het ZoniënwoudFlemish Ecological Network (Flemish Region)IUCN Not Assigned200316 km²
- 4Protected zone in the forest (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned20073 km²
- 3Protected zone in the forest (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned20072 km²
- Zones boisées et ouvertes au Sud de la Région bruxelloise - complexe Verrewinkel - KinsendaelSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20151 km²
- Zones boisées et zones humides de la Vallée du Molenbeek dans le Nord-Ouest de la Région bruxelloiseSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20161 km²
- GrippensdelleForest Reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned20071 km²
- Rouge-Cloitre - Rood KloosterForest Reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19901 km²
- 2Protected zone in the forest (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned20071 km²
- Rouge-Cloitre - Rood KloosterRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19900 km²
- 1Protected zone in the forest (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned20070 km²
- VogelzangbeekCertified Nature Reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned20220 km²
- Bois du Laerbeek - LaarbeekbosRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19980 km²
- ZavelenbergRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19920 km²
- marais de Ganshoren - Moeras van GanshorenRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19980 km²
- Kinsendael - KriekenputRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19890 km²
- PoelbosRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19890 km²
- vallon de Trois fontaines - Dry BorrenvalleiRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19920 km²
- NBP-VB-21-0334 type 4Nature management plan type 4 (Flemish Region)IUCN IV20230 km²
- vallon des Enfants noyes - Verdronken kinderenvalleiRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19920 km²
- vallon de Vuylbeek - VuilbeekvalleiRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19920 km²
- marais de Jette - Moeras van JetteRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19980 km²
- MoeraskeRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19920 km²
- mare du Pinnebeek - PinnebeekpoelRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19920 km²
- KoevijverdalCertified Nature Reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned20190 km²
- Roseliere du Parc des Sources - Rietveld van het Ter BronnenparkRegional nature reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned19980 km²
- Roselière de NeerpedeCertified Nature Reserve (Brussels Capital Region)IUCN Not Assigned20190 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN
Sub-administrations19
- AnderlechtSubdivision
- BrusselSubdivision
- ElseneSubdivision
- EtterbeekSubdivision
- EvereSubdivision
- GanshorenSubdivision
- JetteSubdivision
- KoekelbergSubdivision
- OudergemSubdivision
- SchaarbeekSubdivision
- Sint-Agatha-BerchemSubdivision
- Sint-GillisSubdivision
- Sint-Jans-MolenbeekSubdivision
- Sint-Joost-ten-NodeSubdivision
- Sint-Lambrechts-WoluweSubdivision
- Sint-Pieters-WoluweSubdivision
- UkkelSubdivision
- VorstSubdivision
- Watermaal-BosvoordeSubdivision