Sumapaz
IUCN IINational Natural Park · 1977
2 110 km²
Municipality · COL
Bogotá D.C.
Colombia
ETPolar, tundra(47 %)
Species observed
6 626
Observations
841 990
Area
1 634,8km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 34 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Bogotá D.C. : 27 espèces dont 3 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 33 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 5.5%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
35
Interactions affichées
33
Connectance
0.056
Patrimoniales
3
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
6 626 distinct species · 841 990 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
10,8°C
Annual rain
1 888mm
Warmest m°
15,8°C
Coldest m°
6,6°C
Elevation: 3 221 m on average (min 2 541 m, max 4 023 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
10,8°C
Annual rain
1 888mm
Warmest month
15,8°C
Coldest month
6,6°C
Mean alt.
3 221m
Min
2 541m
Max
4 023m
Std. dev.
478m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
ETPolar, tundra(47 %)Polar
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,6
Org. C
74,7g/kg
Clay
26,6%
Sand
40,0%
Silt
33,4%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: smGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
93,8g/kg
Clay
26,7%
Sand
39,9%
Silt
33,4%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,6
Org. C
70,6g/kg
Clay
26,3%
Sand
40,1%
Silt
33,6%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,6
Org. C
59,6g/kg
Clay
26,8%
Sand
40,0%
Silt
33,2%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest11.4%
Crops8.7%
Built-up6.8%
Bare soil3.2%
Other (grassland, water…)69.9%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology9 basins · 5 lakes · 57 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
454,2km
Lake surface here
1,38km²
Basins crossed
9
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
4 874km²
Discharge in basins
57,4m³/s
Mean precip.
1 235mm/an
Mean T°
12,6°C
Moisture idx
0,04
Max snow
2%
Mean runoff
1 080mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
2 725m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Río Tunjuelitosub-area546,3 km²overlap531.81 km²33%
- Bassin de Río Sumapazsub-area3 071,5 km²overlap424.45 km²26%
- Bassin de Río Los Mediossub-area1 018,7 km²overlap357.71 km²22%
- Bassin de Río Bogotásub-area1 274,1 km²overlap292.64 km²18%
- Bassin de Río Bogotásub-area911,5 km²overlap15.10 km²1%
- Bassin de Río Negrosub-area1 449,1 km²overlap7.72 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Guapesub-area1 096 km²overlap2.33 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Dudasub-area1 133,8 km²overlap2.13 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Cabrerasub-area475,7 km²overlap0.89 km²0%
Lakes (5, top by area)
Rivers / streams (57, ord ≥ 4)
- Río Sumapazord 5len here40.90 km22%total184 km
- Río Tunjuelitoord 3len here36.77 km100%total37 km
- Río San Juanord 5len here29.32 km37%total80 km
- Río Bogotáord 5len here29.30 km8%total367 km
- Río Chochaord 3len here28.01 km100%total28 km
- Quebrada Tunalord 2len here16.07 km100%total16 km
- Río Santa Rosaord 2len here14.89 km100%total15 km
- Río Taquecitoord 2len here14.21 km100%total14 km
- Río Salitreord 3len here13.66 km61%total22 km
- Quebrada La Hondaord 6len here12.64 km9%total146 km
- Canal Elido o Comuneros IIord 1len here11.82 km100%total12 km
- Río Chisacáord 2len here11.48 km100%total12 km
45 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Quebrada El Salitreord 2len here10.92 km83%total13 km
- Río Pilarord 3len here10.32 km27%total38 km
- Río Mugrosoord 1len here10.21 km100%total10 km
- Quebrada Socheord 1len here9.53 km100%total10 km
- Canal Albinaord 2len here9.31 km100%total9 km
- Quebrada Chiguazaord 3len here9.23 km100%total9 km
- Río Pontezuelaord 2len here9.09 km100%total9 km
- Quebrada Yomasaord 3len here8.74 km100%total9 km
- Quebrada San Juanord 3len here8.41 km10%total86 km
- Quebrada San Antonioord 3len here6.94 km5%total128 km
- Río Teusacáord 5len here6.85 km12%total58 km
- Canal San Vicente IIord 3len here6.69 km100%total7 km
- Canal San Franciscoord 3len here5.61 km100%total6 km
- Río Torcaord 1len here4.80 km100%total5 km
- Quebrada Limasord 1len here4.49 km100%total5 km
- Río Galloord 3len here4.45 km13%total33 km
- Río Córdobaord 2len here4.26 km100%total4 km
- Río Pozoord 3len here4.19 km21%total20 km
- Quebrada Trompetaord 1len here4.05 km100%total4 km
- Rio Cordobaord 1len here4.03 km100%total4 km
- Río Molinosord 2len here3.86 km20%total20 km
- Canal Rionegroord 1len here3.67 km100%total4 km
- Quebrada Fuchaord 4len here3.48 km12%total29 km
- Río Fuchaord 2len here3.39 km100%total3 km
- Río Tabacoord 2len here3.28 km43%total8 km
- Quebrada Patiñoord 2len here3.23 km100%total3 km
- Río Arzobispoord 1len here2.94 km59%total5 km
- Río Callejasord 1len here2.92 km100%total3 km
- Canal Tintal IIord 1len here2.56 km100%total3 km
- Quebrada la Florestaord 2len here2.54 km100%total3 km
- Quebrada Haya del Ramoord 3len here2.54 km100%total3 km
- Canal Tintal IVord 3len here2.50 km100%total3 km
- Canal Guaymaralord 2len here2.47 km57%total4 km
- Canal Nizaord 2len here2.23 km100%total2 km
- Quebrada del Aterraderoord 3len here2.04 km100%total2 km
- Quebrada Santanderord 1len here1.63 km22%total8 km
- Quebrada Santa Libradaord 1len here1.44 km100%total1 km
- Quebrada La Hoya del Chuscalord 1len here1.32 km52%total3 km
- Quebrada Mochueloord 1len here1.16 km100%total1 km
- Quebrada Paso de Malaord 2len here0.88 km27%total3 km
- Río Los Mediosord 5len here0.85 km1%total156 km
- Canal Hayuelosord 1len here0.69 km100%total1 km
- Canal Boyacáord 1len here0.69 km100%total1 km
- Quebrada Galloord 2len here0.58 km26%total2 km
- Río Fríoord 3len here0.16 km0%total104 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
48hab/km²
Night light
15,7nW
Built-up
685,1%
Pesticides
44,9kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas9
IUCN VI · 6IUCN II · 2IUCN IV · 1
Páramo de las Oseras
IUCN IIRegional Natural Parks · 2016
375 km²
Bosque Oriental de Bogotá
IUCN VINational Protective Forest Reserves · 1977
141 km²
Complejo de Humedales Urbanos del Distrito Capital de Bogotá
IUCN IVWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site) · 2018
7 km²
Parque Ecológico De Los Andes
IUCN VICivil Society Nature Reserve · 2004
2 km²
Futuras Generaciones de Sibaté I y II
IUCN VIRegional Protective Forest Reserves · 1997
1 km²
Complete list9 protected areas
- SumapazNational Natural ParkIUCN II19772 110 km²
- Páramo de las OserasRegional Natural ParksIUCN II2016375 km²
- Bosque Oriental de BogotáNational Protective Forest ReservesIUCN VI1977141 km²
- Complejo de Humedales Urbanos del Distrito Capital de BogotáWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN IV20187 km²
- Parque Ecológico De Los AndesCivil Society Nature ReserveIUCN VI20042 km²
- Futuras Generaciones de Sibaté I y IIRegional Protective Forest ReservesIUCN VI19971 km²
- El Horadado De San AlejoCivil Society Nature ReserveIUCN VI20080 km²
- HuisyzucaCivil Society Nature ReserveIUCN VI20220 km²
- Umbral Cultural HorizontesCivil Society Nature ReserveIUCN VI20150 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN