Ontologia

Governorate · PSE

Bethlehem

Palestine

BShArid, steppe, hot(71 %)

Species observed

2 209

Observations

137 795

Area

762,9km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 32 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Bethlehem : 26 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 51 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 9.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 7 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
33
Interactions affichées
51
Connectance
0.097
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

2 209 distinct species · 137 795 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

137 795 obs · 18 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 25 512
21 036–25 511
10 922–21 035
5 611–10 921
< 5 611

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

20,9°C

Annual rain

453mm

Warmest m°

34,3°C

Coldest m°

9,0°C

Elevation: 174 m on average (min -427 m, max 929 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
20,9°C
Annual rain
453mm
Warmest month
34,3°C
Coldest month
9,0°C
Mean alt.
174m
Min
-427m
Max
929m
Std. dev.
427m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
BShArid, steppe, hot(71 %)Arid

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,9

Org. C

13,6g/kg

Clay

30,6%

Sand

29,5%

Silt

39,9%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: scGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,8
Org. C
19,1g/kg
Clay
27,8%
Sand
32,1%
Silt
40,1%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,9
Org. C
11,8g/kg
Clay
30,2%
Sand
29,1%
Silt
40,6%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,9
Org. C
9,8g/kg
Clay
33,6%
Sand
27,4%
Silt
38,9%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest1.7%
Crops7.9%
Built-up1.4%
Bare soil33.8%
Other (grassland, water…)55.3%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology6 basins · 1 lakes · 14 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

161,7km

Lake surface here

166,62km²

Basins crossed

6

Max stream order

2

Max drainage

43 272km²

Discharge in basins

76,3m³/s

Mean precip.

267mm/an

Mean T°

20,6°C

Moisture idx

-0,82

Mean runoff

102mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

197m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (1, top by area)

Rivers / streams (14, ord ≥ 4)

2 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

3hab/km²

Night light

5,5nW

Built-up

139,2%

Pesticides

26,7kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas11

IUCN Not Assigned · 7IUCN IV · 2IUCN Ib · 1IUCN V · 1

El Kanub

IUCN IV

Nature Reserve · 2023

29 km²

En Gedi

IUCN Not Assigned

Nature Reserve · 1971

14 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN