Ontologia

District · TUR

Bergama

Turkey

CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(97 %)

Species observed

569

Observations

8 096

Area

1 690,6km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 28 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Bergama : 16 espèces reliées par 73 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 16.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 14 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
30
Interactions affichées
73
Connectance
0.168
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

569 distinct species · 8 096 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

8 096 obs · 40 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 1 649
889–1 648
86–888
42–85
< 42

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

14,8°C

Annual rain

717mm

Warmest m°

30,4°C

Coldest m°

1,2°C

Elevation: 377 m on average (min -20 m, max 1 202 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
14,8°C
Annual rain
717mm
Warmest month
30,4°C
Coldest month
1,2°C
Mean alt.
377m
Min
-20m
Max
1 202m
Std. dev.
277m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(97 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,6

Org. C

31,9g/kg

Clay

30,7%

Sand

34,0%

Silt

35,3%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: viGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,5
Org. C
50,2g/kg
Clay
28,2%
Sand
35,4%
Silt
36,4%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,6
Org. C
25,8g/kg
Clay
29,8%
Sand
34,5%
Silt
35,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,5
Org. C
19,5g/kg
Clay
34,1%
Sand
32,1%
Silt
33,8%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest36.6%
Crops20.8%
Built-up0.3%
Bare soil2.1%
Other (grassland, water…)40.3%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology13 basins · 2 lakes · 14 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

186,5km

Lake surface here

1,66km²

Basins crossed

13

Max stream order

5

Max drainage

3 379km²

Discharge in basins

73,7m³/s

Mean precip.

721mm/an

Mean T°

14,8°C

Moisture idx

-0,37

Max snow

8%

Mean runoff

293mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

325m

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

1,3nW

Built-up

25,2%

Pesticides

20,7kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)