Serra d'Espadà (ZEPA)
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2000
653 km²
Subdivision · ESP
Benafer
Spain
BSkArid, steppe, cold(58 %)
Species observed
836
Observations
5 128
Area
17,1km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 29 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Benafer : 25 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 50 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 12.3%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 4 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
29
Interactions affichées
50
Connectance
0.123
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
836 distinct species · 5 128 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
13,5°C
Annual rain
526mm
Warmest m°
27,7°C
Coldest m°
1,5°C
Elevation: 804 m on average (min 526 m, max 1 173 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
13,5°C
Annual rain
526mm
Warmest month
27,7°C
Coldest month
1,5°C
Mean alt.
804m
Min
526m
Max
1 173m
Std. dev.
137m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
BSkArid, steppe, cold(58 %)Arid
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
31,1g/kg
Clay
23,6%
Sand
39,3%
Silt
37,1%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Castellón
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
52,1g/kg
Clay
22,4%
Sand
40,0%
Silt
37,6%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
24,2g/kg
Clay
22,1%
Sand
40,0%
Silt
38,0%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
17,0g/kg
Clay
26,4%
Sand
37,8%
Silt
35,8%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest39.7%
Crops3.2%
Built-up0.1%
Bare soil4.5%
Other (grassland, water…)52.5%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology2 basins · 0 lakes · 2 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
4,0km
Basins crossed
2
Max stream order
1
Max drainage
1 929km²
Discharge in basins
0,0m³/s
Mean precip.
487mm/an
Mean T°
13,5°C
Moisture idx
-0,50
Max snow
3%
Mean runoff
77mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
676m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (2, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,2nW
Built-up
14,4%
Pesticides
36,0kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas3
IUCN Not Reported · 3
Alt Palància
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2020
263 km²
Curs alt del riu Millars
IUCN Not ReportedSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)
101 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN