Ontologia

Commune · EST

Arula

Estonia

DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)

Species observed

1 148

Observations

3 752

Area

18,8km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 32 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Arula : 26 espèces reliées par 37 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 7.5%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 6 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
32
Interactions affichées
37
Connectance
0.075
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

1 148 distinct species · 3 752 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

3 752 obs · 1 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 3 752
3 752–3 751
3 752–3 751
3 752–3 751
< 3 752

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

5,4°C

Annual rain

805mm

Warmest m°

20,8°C

Coldest m°

-8,4°C

Elevation: 158 m on average (min 133 m, max 184 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
5,4°C
Annual rain
805mm
Warmest month
20,8°C
Coldest month
-8,4°C
Mean alt.
158m
Min
133m
Max
184m
Std. dev.
10m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)Cold

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,6

Org. C

64,5g/kg

Clay

18,2%

Sand

47,1%

Silt

34,7%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: suGLiMaggregated to Puhajarve

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,6
Org. C
97,3g/kg
Clay
18,6%
Sand
45,9%
Silt
35,3%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,7
Org. C
70,1g/kg
Clay
17,6%
Sand
47,9%
Silt
34,5%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,6
Org. C
26,2g/kg
Clay
18,4%
Sand
47,4%
Silt
34,2%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest61.0%
Crops15.4%
Built-up0.1%
Bare soil0.0%
Other (grassland, water…)23.4%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology2 basins · 0 lakes · 0 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Basins crossed

2

Max drainage

8 982km²

Discharge in basins

0,3m³/s

Mean precip.

626mm/an

Mean T°

5,0°C

Moisture idx

0,07

Max snow

36%

Mean runoff

278mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

86m

Watersheds crossing here

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,1nW

Built-up

12,2%

Pesticides

4,9kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas15

IUCN Not Assigned · 6IUCN V · 4IUCN Ib · 3IUCN Not Reported · 2

Otepää

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2010

226 km²

Otepää

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2004

226 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN