Ontologia

District · IRQ

Arbil

Iraq

CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(99 %)

Species observed

364

Observations

3 019

Area

2 555,1km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 28 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Arbil : 19 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 73 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 18.0%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 10 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
29
Interactions affichées
73
Connectance
0.180
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

364 distinct species · 3 019 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

3 019 obs · 31 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 2 427
61–2 426
14–60
3–13
< 3

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

20,0°C

Annual rain

561mm

Warmest m°

41,3°C

Coldest m°

1,2°C

Elevation: 420 m on average (min 231 m, max 1 020 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
20,0°C
Annual rain
561mm
Warmest month
41,3°C
Coldest month
1,2°C
Mean alt.
420m
Min
231m
Max
1 020m
Std. dev.
116m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(99 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,5

Org. C

9,4g/kg

Clay

39,8%

Sand

19,1%

Silt

41,1%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: smGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
15,1g/kg
Clay
37,9%
Sand
19,9%
Silt
42,2%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
6,6g/kg
Clay
38,8%
Sand
19,6%
Silt
41,6%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
6,4g/kg
Clay
42,6%
Sand
17,8%
Silt
39,6%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest1.4%
Crops70.7%
Built-up2.0%
Bare soil4.0%
Other (grassland, water…)22.0%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology9 basins · 0 lakes · 7 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

118,8km

Basins crossed

9

Max stream order

6

Max drainage

26 328km²

Discharge in basins

294,4m³/s

Mean precip.

510mm/an

Mean T°

20,3°C

Moisture idx

-0,68

Max snow

1%

Mean runoff

95mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

381m

Watersheds crossing here

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

5hab/km²

Night light

14,4nW

Built-up

198,0%

Pesticides

10,2kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)