The Ahwar of Southern Iraq: Refuge of Biodiversity and the Relict Landscape of the Mesopotamian Cities
IUCN Not ApplicableWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 2016
2 114 km²
District · IRQ
Al Amarah
Iraq
BWhArid, desert, hot(72 %)
Species observed
84
Observations
240
Area
6 359km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 34 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Al Amarah : 32 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 34 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 6.1%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 2 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
34
Interactions affichées
34
Connectance
0.061
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
84 distinct species · 240 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
26,0°C
Annual rain
215mm
Warmest m°
46,1°C
Coldest m°
6,5°C
Elevation: 21 m on average (min 2 m, max 233 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
26,0°C
Annual rain
215mm
Warmest month
46,1°C
Coldest month
6,5°C
Mean alt.
21m
Min
2m
Max
233m
Std. dev.
28m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
BWhArid, desert, hot(72 %)Arid
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
7,8
Org. C
4,8g/kg
Clay
34,4%
Sand
18,3%
Silt
47,3%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: suGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,8
Org. C
6,3g/kg
Clay
34,6%
Sand
18,4%
Silt
46,9%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,8
Org. C
3,8g/kg
Clay
34,0%
Sand
18,4%
Silt
47,6%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,9
Org. C
4,3g/kg
Clay
34,7%
Sand
18,0%
Silt
47,3%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest1.8%
Crops33.4%
Built-up0.3%
Bare soil38.2%
Other (grassland, water…)26.4%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology26 basins · 39 lakes · 20 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
502,9km
Lake surface here
113,43km²
Basins crossed
26
Max stream order
7
Max drainage
216 547km²
Discharge in basins
4 640,8m³/s
Mean precip.
201mm/an
Mean T°
23,4°C
Moisture idx
-0,89
Mean runoff
41mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
94m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de شط الدجيلةsub-area1 100,5 km²overlap930.97 km²15%
- Bassin de نهر الطيبsub-area3 517,7 km²overlap769.78 km²12%
- Bassin de نهر دويريجsub-area788,5 km²overlap763.33 km²12%
- Bassin de نهر المشرحsub-area728 km²overlap720.28 km²11%
- Bassin de نهر دويريجsub-area654,5 km²overlap651.05 km²10%
- Bassin de شط الحلة المندرسsub-area440,3 km²overlap426.87 km²7%
- Bassin de نهر الشيخةsub-area3 643,2 km²overlap379.02 km²6%
- Bassin de نهر دويريجsub-area279,7 km²overlap279.53 km²4%
- Bassin de نهر دجلةsub-area268,2 km²overlap255.63 km²4%
17 more basinssorted by overlap
- Bassin de نهر دجلةsub-area573,1 km²overlap185.62 km²3%
- Bassin de نهر دويريجsub-area585,5 km²overlap171.12 km²3%
- Bassin de نهر دجلةsub-area160,3 km²overlap160.17 km²3%
- Bassin de کرخهsub-area845,3 km²overlap122.34 km²2%
- Bassin de نهر أم التبيكلsub-area135 km²overlap112.23 km²2%
- Bassin de نهر دجلةsub-area714,7 km²overlap110.84 km²2%
- Bassin de نهر الكصيمةsub-area340,3 km²overlap105.70 km²2%
- Bassin de نهر الشردةsub-area874,4 km²overlap77.62 km²1%
- Basin #03320sub-area215,4 km²overlap49.87 km²1%
- Bassin de نهر أبو حريمةsub-area1 044,3 km²overlap40.11 km²1%
- Bassin de نهر الشيخةsub-area396,1 km²overlap33.85 km²1%
- Bassin de نهر دجلةsub-area51,4 km²overlap5.64 km²0%
- Bassin de شعيب المنزليةsub-area1 185,9 km²overlap4.06 km²0%
- Bassin de نهر دويريجsub-area422,3 km²overlap1.22 km²0%
- Bassin de نهر أبو كفافsub-area19,7 km²overlap0.91 km²0%
- Bassin de نهر دجلةsub-area494,2 km²overlap0.73 km²0%
- Bassin de نهر دويريجsub-area1 669,9 km²overlap0.47 km²0%
Lakes (39, top by area)
- Lake #15151area32,5 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lake #15154area27,6 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lake #15162area15,6 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lake #15171area13 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lake #75416area6,5 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lake #75437area4,3 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lake #75451area3,1 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lake #75429area2,8 km²avg depth0.9 m
- Lake #75385area2,5 km²avg depth1.0 m
30 more lakes
- Lake #75427area1,5 km²avg depth0.6 m
- Lake #75478area1,5 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Lake #75446area1,4 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1375402area0,9 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1375755area0,9 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lac 1375073area0,8 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lac 1375097area0,7 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1375103area0,6 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1375157area0,6 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1375143area0,6 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1375420area0,6 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1375137area0,5 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1375739area0,5 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1375774area0,5 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Lac 1375717area0,4 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Lac 1375555area0,4 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1375518area0,4 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1375231area0,3 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1375611area0,3 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1375700area0,3 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1375471area0,3 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Lac 1375661area0,3 km²avg depth0.7 m
- Lac 1375383area0,3 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1375074area0,3 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1375613area0,3 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1375687area0,2 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1375534area0,2 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1375262area0,2 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1375707area0,2 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1375564area0,2 km²avg depth1.0 m
Rivers / streams (20, ord ≥ 4)
- نهر دويريجord 4len here143.42 km48%total297 km
- نهر الطيبord 4len here110.57 km71%total156 km
- نهر دجلةord 7len here98.07 km4%total2274 km
- نهر المشرحord 4len here61.30 km100%total61 km
- نهر الشيخةord 2len here19.31 km61%total31 km
- نهر أم التبيكلord 1len here16.77 km100%total17 km
- نهر أبو حلانةord 1len here12.82 km100%total13 km
- شط الحلة المندرسord 2len here8.89 km100%total9 km
- مشروع نهر السعدord 3len here7.18 km100%total7 km
- شط الدجيلةord 3len here6.12 km28%total22 km
- نهر العلمنةord 1len here4.73 km100%total5 km
- مشروع نهر سعدord 1len here3.73 km100%total4 km
8 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- نهر الكصيمةord 2len here2.90 km16%total18 km
- نهر أبو حلوكord 1len here1.70 km100%total2 km
- جدول أم دهنord 1len here1.68 km41%total4 km
- نهر الخزيعليةord 7len here1.53 km100%total2 km
- نهر الشردةord 4len here1.21 km5%total24 km
- نهر العلويةord 1len here0.91 km100%total1 km
- نهر الطبرord 1len here0.05 km1%total6 km
- نهر أبو كفافord 5len here≈ tangenttotal13 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
15,2nW
Built-up
25,3%
Pesticides
17,0kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas2
IUCN Not Applicable · 1IUCN Not Reported · 1
Hawizeh Marsh (Haur Al-Hawizeh)
IUCN Not ReportedWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site) · 2007
1 374 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN